Fig. 1

Overview of the study workflow and simulated low-vision condition with a virtual scotoma. (Figure orignally presented in Robert et al.⁷): (a) study overall workflow with four conditions and six scenarios per condition (in addition to a calibration scene), (b) participant view of the simulated scotoma – a region at the center of the visual field with no visual information – following the gaze of the participant. The scotoma represents 10° in diameter of the foveal field of view, based on clinical studies¹⁰.