Table 1 Summary of all diagnoses recognized within the PsychAD cohort.

From: Population-scale cross-disorder atlas of the human prefrontal cortex at single-cell resolution

Disease

Categorya

Sample size

Age of death (mean)

Total

MSSM

HBCC

RADC

MSSM

HBCC

RADC

Dementiab

NDD

752

666

0

86

82.7

 

85.1

Alzheimer’s diseasec

NDD

519

447

0

72

84.3

 

85.8

Schizophrenia

SMI

177

127

50

0

72.1

52.1

 

Mild cognitive impairementd

NDD

125

103

0

22

77.4

 

83.4

Diffuse Lewy body disease

NDD

112

107

0

5

82.1

 

80.7

Vascular dementia

NDD

85

65

0

20

82.7

 

83.9

Bipolar disorder type I

SMI

55

0

55

0

 

43.7

 

Tauopathye

NDD

45

33

0

12

87.6

 

84.1

Diabetes mellitus unspecified

MD

42

0

1

41

 

75.0

87.9

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

MD

40

0

40

0

 

48.1

 

Parkinson’s disease

NDD

40

25

0

15

81.8

 

80.3

Type 1 diabetes

MD

16

0

16

0

 

55.6

 

Frontotemporal dementia

NDD

16

15

0

1

78.1

 

67.4

Neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia

SMI

14

0

14

0

 

53.0

 

Head injury

NDD

12

6

0

6

68.3

 

85.2

Seizures

NDD

12

0

12

0

 

48.2

 

Type 2 diabetes

MD

11

0

11

0

 

53.7

 

Encephalitis, uncertain Parkinson’s disase

NDD

8

8

0

0

79.1

  

Brain tumor

NDD

8

7

1

0

75.3

45.0

 

Cerebral atrophy

NDD

7

7

0

0

71.0

  

Bipolar disorder type II

SMI

7

0

7

0

 

43.7

 

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

NDD

6

5

0

1

79.0

 

53.8

BD NOS (not otherwise specified)

SMI

6

0

6

0

 

35.7

 

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

SMI

6

0

6

0

 

47.5

 

Progressive supranuclear palsy

NDD

5

5

0

0

80.6

  

Leucotomy/Lobotomy

NDD

4

4

0

0

79.8

  

Anorexia nervosa

SMI

4

0

4

0

 

42.8

 

Schizoaffective bipolar disorder

SMI

4

0

4

0

 

45.8

 

Argyrophilic grain disease

NDD

3

3

0

0

83.0

  

Multiple sclerosis

NDD

3

3

0

0

41.7

  

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

NDD

3

3

0

0

83.0

  

Bulimia nervosa

SMI

3

0

3

0

 

47.0

 

Major depressive disorder

SMI

3

2

1

0

62.5

55.0

 

Epilepsy

NDD

2

0

2

0

 

64.0

 

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

SMI

2

0

2

0

 

32.5

 

Post-traumatic stress disorder

SMI

2

1

1

0

60.0

44.0

 

Schizoaffective depressive disorder

SMI

2

0

2

0

 

42.5

 
  1. aNDD: Neurodegenerative/neurological disease; SMI: serious mental illness; MD: metabolic disease.
  2. bMSSM: derived from Clinical Dementia Score (CDR ≥ 1); RADC: derived from Consensus Cognitive Status (cogdx ≥ 4).
  3. cMSSM: derived from (CERAD ≥ 2 and Braak ≥ 3 and CDR ≥ 1); RADC: derived from (CERAD ≥ 2 and Braak ≥ 3 and cogdx ≥ 4).
  4. dMSSM: derived from Clinical Dementia Score (CDR == 0.5); RADC: derived from Consensus Cognitive Status(cogdx  (2,3)).
  5. eMSSM: defined as (CERAD == 1 and Braak ≥ 3 and CDR == 0); or determined by brain bank; RADC: defined as (CERAD == 1 and Braak ≥ 3 and cogdx == 1).