Fig. 4

Grand average evoked responses in three selected regions of interest (ROIs) for each condition. The red signal represents the concentration change in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and the blue signal in deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR). Error bars represent the 95% confidence intervals. The signals are measured in the normal hearing (NH) participants, who are serving as controls. In the top right corner, we show the channel positions which were included in the corresponding ROI, indicating the brain regions contributing to the grand average patterns. An increase in HbO and a decrease in HbR concentration indicate typical hemodynamic responses.