Table 3 Comparison among Sarcopenia, Sarcopenic Obesity (SO) and non-sarcopenic (NS) groups in cardiovascular disease male and female inpatients (≥65 years).

From: Short Physical Performance Battery for cardiovascular disease inpatients: implications for critical factors and sarcopenia

 

Male (n = 141)

Female (n = 98)

Sarcopenia

SO

NS

Sarcopenia

SO

NS

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

n = 31

n = 36

n = 74

n = 21

n = 38

n = 39

Age, years

77.2 (6.5)##

79.0 (5.8)¶¶

72.5 (6.0)

79.9 (8.0) #

79.3 (6.2)¶¶

74.7 (6.4)

Systolic BP, mmHg

116 (16)

115 (14)

116 (18)

110 (18)

110 (16)

120 (15)

Diastolic BP, mmHg

62 (13)

62 (12)

65 (10)

61 (11)

64 (9)

67 (10)

CRP, mg/dl

4.5 (6.3)*,##

2.8 (5.8)

1.6 (2.5)

1.8 (3.0)

1.5 (2.9)

1.3 (3.7)

BNP, pg/mL

802 (778)##

498 (644)

362 (510)

690 (537)##

504 (563)

269 (555)

CONUT score, unit

5.9 (2.7)*,##

4.0 (2.9)

2.9 (2.6)

3.8 (2.6)

3.5 (2.2)

2.8 (2.5)

SPPB score

 Balance test

3.5 (0.7)

3.3 (1.1)

3.7 (0.8)

3.1 (0.9)##

2.8 (1.0)¶¶

3.4 (0.8)

 Gait test

2.9 (1.0)##

2.8 (0.9)¶¶

3.8 (0.6)

2.8 (1.0) #

2.8 (1.1)

3.4 (0.8)

 Chair stand test

1.7 (1.3)##

1.9 (1.5)¶¶

3.3 (0.9)

1.4 (1.2)##

1.8 (1.3)

2.5 (1.4)

 Total SPPB

8.2 (2.1)##

7.9 (2.5)¶¶

10.8 (1.9)

7.4 (2.4)##

7.6 (3.1)

9.4 (2.6)

Functional assessment

 Handgrip, kg

20.9 (4.6)##

20.7 (4.7)¶¶

31.2 (6.4)

12.7 (4.2)##

13.3 (3.2)¶¶

18.3 (3.8)

 Knee extension, kg

17.6 (6.5)##

16.4 (6.6)¶¶

28.7 (11.5)

8.7 (3.5)**,##

12.3 (5.4)¶¶

17.7 (5.9)

Morphological assessment

 Height, m

1.61 (0.05)¶¶

1.60 (0.06)¶¶

1.64 (0.05)

1.48 (0.07)

1.46 (0.07)¶¶

1.50 (0.05)

 Body weight, kg

53.0 (7.0)##,**

60.0 (5.8)¶¶

65.8 (9.4)

40.9 (7.6)**,##

48.9 (6.6)¶¶

55.3 (8.8)

 BMI, kg/m2

20.2 (2.5)##,**

23.2 (2.3)

24.1 (3.2)

17.9 (2.8)**,##

22.8 (3.3)

24.1 (3.5)

 % body fat

19.7 (3.7)##,**

32.8 (4.4)¶¶

27.4 (6.1)

20.3 (6.7)**,##

39.3 (6.5)

35.5 (7.9)

 Fat-free mass, kg

40.6 (3.9)*,##

38.2 (4.9)¶¶

47.3 (5.9)

30.2 (4.8)##

28.9 (3.3)¶¶

35.0 (3.6)

 Body fat mass, kg

10.3 (2.6)##,**

19.1 (3.7)

18.2 (5.6)

9.5 (6.0)##,**

19.2 (5.3)

20.0 (7.0)

 Skeletal MM, kg

21.2 (2.4)##

20.4 (2.0)¶¶

25.6 (3.4)

15.3 (2.2)##

14.6 (1.9)¶¶

18.1 (2.0)

 SMI, kg/m2

6.02 (0.67)##

6.09 (0.53)¶¶

7.50 (1.05)

4.62 (0.60)##

4.72 (0.67)¶¶

6.09 (0.73)

 Mid-thigh girth, cm

39.2 (3.0)**,##

42.3 (3.5)¶¶

46.0 (4.0)

36.9 (6.2)*,##

41.5 (3.6)¶¶

46.1 (5.0)

 Anterior MTH, cm

2.67 (0.54)*,##

2.97 (0.67)¶¶

3.74 (0.71)

2.46 (0.52)##

2.80 (0.70)¶¶

3.35 (0.58)

 Posterior MTH, cm

4.91 (0.94)##

5.10 (1.04)¶¶

5.80 (0.89)

4.63 (0.73)##

4.78 (1.26)¶¶

5.27 (0.78)

  1. Data are given as mean (standard deviation). BNP, brain natriuretic peptide. BP, blood pressure. CONUT, Controlling Nutrition Status. CRP, C-reactive protein. MM, muscle mass, MTH, mid-thigh muscle thickness. SMI, skeletal muscle mass index. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, Sarcopenia vs. SO groups. ##p < 0.01, #p < 0.05, Sarcopenia vs. Non-sarcopenic groups. ¶¶p < 0.01, p < 0.05, SO vs. Non-sarcopenic groups.
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