Table 3 Toxicity of the ginger, mint, thyme and oregano essential oils to Apis mellifera and Trigona hyalinata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) by exposure via topically by 24 h.
Treat. | Species | N | LD50 (IC) % | LD90 (IC) % | Slope | Chi2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ginger | A. mellifera | 300 | 17.98 (15.09–19.68) | 27.41 (24.73–34.18) | 7.00 ± 1.57 | 19.84 |
T. hyalinata | 400 | 32.65(29.26–37.14) | 77.22 (61.86–109.66) | 3.42 ± 0.43 | 63.90 | |
Mint | A. mellifera | 300 | 12.58 (8.22–14.62) | 25.50 (21.14–46.44) | 4.17 ± 1.20 | 11.73 |
T. hyalinata | 400 | 16.38 (14.21–18.26) | 35.97 (30.82–45.95) | 3.75 ± 0.51 | 52.71 | |
Oregano | A. mellifera | 300 | 2.03 (1.32–2.87) | 9.88 (6.47–19.61) | 1.86 ± 0.30 | 39.14 |
T. hyalinata | 300 | 4.57 (3.37–5.79) | 20.01 (15.04–30.32) | 1.63 ± 0.17 | 61.05 | |
Thyme | A. mellifera | 300 | 3.30 (2.13–4.38) | 9.84 (7.54–14.36) | 2.50 ± 0.36 | 47.62 |
T. hyalinata | 300 | 6.53 (4.91–8.12) | 30.41 (22.82–47.06) | 1.92 ± 0.25 | 58.22 |
