Table 1 The baseline clinical characteristics of the study cohort.
All (n = 170) | Survivors (n = 123) | Non-survivors (n = 47) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 51.6 \(\pm\) 15.2 | 49.6 \(\pm 15.2\) | 56.8 \(\pm 14.1\) | 0.005 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.265 | |||
Male | 136 (80.0) | 101 (74.3) | 35 (25.7) | |
Female | 34 (20.0) | 22 (64.7) | 12 (35.3) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 0.613 | |||
No | 138 (81.2) | 101 (73.2) | 37 (26.8) | |
Yes | 32 (18.8) | 22 (68.8) | 10 (31.2) | |
Diabetes, n (%) | 0.062 | |||
No | 157 (92.4) | 117 (74.5) | 40 (25.5) | |
Yes | 13 (7.6) | 6 (46.2) | 7 (53.8) | |
Time of injury, hours | 10 (3.9,22.5) | 10 (5,24) | 8 (2,19) | 0.062 |
Category of injury, n (%) | 0.754 | |||
Car accident | 89 (53.0) | 65 (73.0) | 24 (27.0) | |
Motorcycle | 16 (9.5) | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.7) | |
Fall from height | 43 (25.6) | 31 (72.1) | 12 (27.9) | |
Fall | 20 (11.9) | 13 (65.0) | 7 (35.0) | |
GCS, n (%) | 0.001 | |||
Moderate | 37 (21.8) | 35 (94.6) | 2 (5.4) | |
Sever | 133 (78.2) | 88 (66.2) | 45 (33.8) | |
Pupillary, n (%) | 0.865 | |||
Symmetry | 106 (62.7) | 77 (72.6) | 29 (27.4) | |
Asymmetry | 63 (37.3) | 45 (71.4) | 18 (28.6) | |
Rotterdam CT score | 170 (2.8 \(\pm\) 1.3) | 123 (2.5 \(\pm 1.1\)) | 47 (3.7 \(\pm 1.4\)) | < 0.001 |
Neurosurgery, n (%) | ||||
No | 88 (51.8) | 67 (76.1) | 21 (23.9) | 0.253 |
Yes | 82 (48.2) | 56 (68.3) | 26 (31.7) | |
Blood transfusion, n (%) | 0.047 | |||
No | 107 (62.9) | 83 (77.6) | 24 (22.4) | |
Yes | 63 (37.1) | 40 (63.5) | 23 (36.5) | |
Platelet (\(\times {10}^{9}/l\)) | 180.3 \(\pm\) 63.7 | 185.9 \(\pm 59.9\) | 165.7 \(\pm 71.4\) | 0.065 |
Lymphocyte (\(\times {10}^{9}/l\)) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.3) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.1) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.9) | 0.01 |
PLR | 207.6 (128.0, 330.7) | 232.8 (169.7, 350.9) | 124.2 (81.8, 213.3) | < 0.001 |
