Table 3 Multivariate analysis to investigate the predictive value of bothersome nocturia on various echocardiographic abnormalities in all patients and in the elderly (≥ 65 years) patient groups.

From: Nocturia independently predicts left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement among patients with cardiac symptoms

Structural heart diseases

All patients

Elderly patients

Odds ratio of bothersome nocturia

95% CI

p-value

Odds ratio of bothersome nocturia

95% CI

p-value

Left atrial enlargement

2.453a

1.363

4.416

0.003

2.285 a

1.151

4.536

0.018

Left ventricle hypertrophy

1.609

0.882

2.936

0.121

2.056

1.025

4.124

0.043

Moderate-to-severe AR

1.309

0.696

2.465

0.404

1.190

0.56

2.527

0.651

Moderate-to-severe TR

0.846

0.495

1.446

0.541

0.597

0.313

1.142

0.119

Moderate-to-severe MR

1.211

0.677

2.165

0.519

0.943

0.478

1.86

0.866

Moderate- to-severe PR

0.68

0.359

1.287

0.236

0.693

0.333

1.441

0.326

  1. AR aortic valve regurgitation; TR tricuspid valve regurgitation; MR mitral valve regurgitation; PR pulmonary valve regurgitation.
  2. aBesides adjustment with patients’ age, sex, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, diuretic use, and, heart disease in other echocardiographic abnormalities, left ventricle hypertrophy was also added to adjust for left atrial enlargement.
  3. Significant Values are in bold.
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