Table 4 The effects of bacterial inoculation, salinity and melatonin on concentrations of K+ and Na+ and K+/Na+ ratios in shoots and roots of common bean.

From: Co-application of ACC deaminase-producing rhizobial bacteria and melatonin improves salt tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) through ion homeostasis

Factor

Shoot Na+ concentration (mg g−1)

Root Na+ concentration (mg g−1)

Shoot K+ concentration (mg g−1)

Root K+ concentration (mg g−1)

Shoot K+/Na+

Root K+/Na+

Bacterial inoculations (I)

NI

9.11a

8.69a

18.70b

13.62b

5.96b

3.12b

RI

7.01b

8.13b

24.14a

19.07a

8.37a

4.78a

Salinity levels (S)

NS

1.82c

2.58c

27.75a

22.60a

17.53a

9.27a

S1

8.85b

8.91b

20.75b

15.70b

2.71b

1.81b

S2

13.51a

13.75a

15.75c

10.60c

1.26c

0.77c

Priming (P)

PM100

6.66c

8.58a

27.75a

22.68a

10.89a

5.39a

PH

8.01b

8.58a

19.59b

14.51b

6.37b

3.37b

PD

9.51a

8.08b

16.92c

11.85c

4.23c

3.08c

Bacterial inoculations × Salinity levels × Priming (RI × S × P)

NI

NS

PM100

1.22k

2k

29c

24c

25.30a

11.11b

PH

2j

3j

23fg

18fg

10.25c

5.81e

PD

2j

3j

23fg

18fg

10.25c

5.81e

S1

PM100

9g

11e

22g

17g

2.45e

1.58gh

PH

10f

10f

13j

8j

1.34e

0.86i–k

PD

11e

8h

12jk

7jk

1.13e

0.95i–k

S2

PM100

12d

12d

18h

13h

1.53e

1.13h–j

PH

14b

13c

11k

6k

0.83e

0.51jk

PD

18a

14b

9l

4l

0.54e

0.33k

RI

NS

PM100

1k

2k

35a

30a

27.40a

13.80a

PH

1k

2k

27d

22d

21.28b

10.21c

PD

2j

2k

24ef

19ef

10.68c

8.87d

S1

PM100

5i

8h

32b

27b

6.16d

3.37f

PH

7h

9g

23fg

18fg

3.25e

2.03g

PD

9g

6i

17h

12h

1.91e

2.05g

S2

PM100

10f

15a

25e

20e

2.50e

1.36hi

PH

12d

13c

15i

10i

1.28e

0.81i–k

PD

Analysis of variance

I

***

***

***

***

***

***

S

***

***

***

***

***

***

P

***

***

***

***

***

***

I × S

***

***

***

***

**

***

I × P

*

***

***

***

**

ns

S × P

***

***

***

***

***

***

I × S × P

***

***

*

*

**

**

  1. I, S and P are bacterial inoculations, salinity levels and priming treatments. NI and RI are non-inoculation and Rhizobium inoculated plants. NS, S1 and S2 are non-saline, 4 and 8 dSm−1 of salinity stress, respectively. PM100, PH and PD are melatonin priming, hydro priming and non-priming, respectively. ns, *, ** and *** indicate non-significant and significance at 5%, 1% and 0.1%, respectively. Different letters within a column indicate means that are significantly different at P < 0.05.