Figure 2

Concurrent dimension scaling of a compact branch-line coupler. EM-simulated S-parameters at: (a) initial design x, (b) design obtained as M_S(x,1.2), (c) design obtained as M_S(x,1.4), (d) design obtained as M_S(x,1.6). Note increasing distortion of electrical characteristics, especially for α > 1.4.