Table 5 Anti-inflammatory assay of PE and CNF/PVA composite reinforced with PE at different concentrations.

From: Egyptian propolis extract for functionalization of cellulose nanofiber/poly(vinyl alcohol) porous hydrogel along with characterization and biological applications

Hemolysis inhibition (%) at different concentrations

Sample

1000 (µg/mL)

800 (µg/mL)

600 (µg/mL)

400 (µg/mL)

200 (µg/mL)

100 (µg/mL)

PE

88.8 ± 1.312

83.4 ± 1.314

80.5 ± 2.213

76.2 ± 1.523

74.9 ± 2.319

72.6 ± 1.942

CNF/PVA

79.4 ± 2.002

76.1 ± 2.504

72.3 ± 2.003

69.8 ± 1.803

66.9 ± 2.009

64.3 ± 3.104

CNF/PVA/PE1

82.1 ± 2.002

80.7 ± 1.004

78.4 ± 1.603

75.3 ± 3.003

72.2 ± 3.309

68.4 ± 2.014

CNF/PVA/PE2

88.3 ± 2.472

85.2 ± 2.934

80.8 ± 2.603

78.5 ± 3.053

74.1 ± 1.029

70.2 ± 3.004

Positive control

100 ± 2.362

  1. All values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.