Table 4 Agronomic traits and Cd enrichment of ramie under different hormones and fertilizers.

From: Exogenous plant growth regulator and foliar fertilizers for phytoextraction of cadmium with Boehmeria nivea [L.] Gaudich from contaminated field soil

Treatments

Plant height (cm)

Stem diameter (mm)

Skin thickness (mm)

Leaf area (cm2)

Biomass (kg ha−1)

Cd enrichment (mg ha−1)

CK-2

183.8 ± 4.44D

10.25 ± 0.40AB

0.62 ± 0.03A

236.04 ± 3.72D

752.62 ± 12.30G

6894.00 ± 149.52E

GP-1

171.2 ± 1.97E

8.73 ± 0.67B

0.59 ± 0.07A

201.55 ± 5.73E

1005.32 ± 6.65F

7144.47 ± 100.33E

GP-2

219.3 ± 3.52B

11.48 ± 0.59A

0.74 ± 0.10A

258.05 ± 4.41C

1336.27 ± 6.81D

11,505.28 ± 818.62C

GP-3

225.57 ± 4.55AB

12.28 ± 0.48A

0.66 ± 0.09A

272.58 ± 3.84AB

1449.54 ± 49.46C

15,198.43 ± 694.29B

GN-1

182.68 ± 3.83D

10.38 ± 0.44AB

0.68 ± 0.10A

224.24 ± 6.61D

1153.65 ± 45.72E

8540.86 ± 224.84D

GN-2

226.20 ± 5.34AB

12.37 ± 1.49A

0.73 ± 0.01A

265.71 ± 5.69BC

1398.06 ± 4.06CD

10,308.36 ± 617.67C

GN-3

231.43 ± 3.19A

11.92 ± 0.39A

0.75 ± 0.09A

281.76 ± 7.62A

1456.82 ± 42.55C

15,689.95 ± 34.72B

GW-1

206.67 ± 4.38C

12.01 ± 0.53A

0.7 ± 0.09A

275.8 ± 6.57AB

1629.20 ± 81.64B

15,444.82 ± 867.03B

GW-2

189.03 ± 6.83D

11.92 ± 1.47A

0.7 ± 0.04A

256.23 ± 3.79C

2325.11 ± 49.98A

19,608.43 ± 48.11A

GW-3

218.00 ± 2.62B

10.72 ± 0.68AB

0.56 ± 0.08A

275.14 ± 7.72AB

1626.20 ± 31.61B

14,240.09 ± 876.31B

Treatment

F

P

F

P

F

P

F

P

F

P

F

P

78.27

***

6.12

***

2.26

0.06

61.76

***

318.68

***

153.03

***

  1. The same letters within a column indicate no significant differences (P > 0.01) among the treatments and CK. Values are means ± SD (n = 3). ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05, Duncan’s multiple range test.
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