Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: An integrated bioinformatic analysis of microarray datasets to identify biomarkers and miRNA-based regulatory networks in leishmaniasis

Figure 1

The flowchart of microarray analysis approach towards biomarker discovery in Leishmania infections. Six gene expression datasets were downloaded from GEO, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leishmaniasis patients and healthy controls with an adjusted P value < 0.05 and a |log fold change (FC)|> 1.5 were first identified by GEO2R or R language version 4.2.2. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis (www.kegg.jp/kegg/kegg1.html) were performed for enrichment analysis of these DEGs. Then, the hub genes were identified by the cytoHubba plugin and the other bioinformatics approaches including protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and miRNA-hub gene network construction was also performed. This approach promotes a comprehensive understanding of parasite infection and for biomarker discovery useful for early diagnosis.

Back to article page