Table 1 Physiographic description of the research sites.

From: Exploring water relations and phenological traits of Betula utilis (D. Don) in western Himalayan treeline ecotone

Site name

District

Elevation (m)

Latitude (N)

Longitude (E)

Aspect

Aali

Chamoli

3302–3446

30° 11′ 17–30° 11′ 02

79° 39′ 13–79° 39′ 28

South-East, North-East

Bedni

Chamoli

3284–3467

30° 12′ 22–30° 12′ 09

79° 39′ 26–79° 39′ 36

South-East, South-West

Tungnath

Rudraprayag

3145–3355

30° 29′ 45–30° 29′ 54

79° 12′ 45–79° 13′ 24

South-East, North-East