Table 5 Comparison of power density drop prediction under divalent ion mixing cases of NaCl and CaCl\(_2\) for a fraction of 0.4 of NaCl.

From: Mitigating the influence of multivalent ions on power density performance in a single-membrane capacitive reverse electrodialysis cell

  

Ratio 10

Ratio 30

Ratio 100

CREDSM

NaCl solution

98 mV

132 mV

178 mV

NaCl-CaCl\(_2\) mixing, fraction 0.4

66 mV

105 mV

155 mV

Power density drop

54.6%

36.7%

24.2%

RED

NaCl solution

50 mV

77 mV

107 mV

NaCl-CaCl\(_2\) mixing, fraction 0.4

23 mV

54 mV

86 mV

Power density drop

78.8%

50.8%

35.4%

  1. The voltage values for CRED system corresponds to the open-circuit voltage \(E_{ocv}\). The voltage figures for RED system corresponds to a single membrane voltage \(E_m\), as a simplified case for RED stacks. The calculations are realized for Nafion HP membrane.
Back to article page