Table 8 Experiments reproducing possible applications: compositions of solutions.

From: Mitigating the influence of multivalent ions on power density performance in a single-membrane capacitive reverse electrodialysis cell

Scenario 1: Production water / seawater

 

Salinity

NaCl equivalent

NaCl

KCl

CaCl\(_2\),2H\(_2\)O

MgCl\(_2\),6H\(_2\)O

Ratio

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

Production water

4.28

107

93.9

0.628

11.25

9.32

Sea water

4.28

25

23.63

0.77

0.11

0.20

Scenario 2: Dead Sea water / \(\times \)30 diluted

 

Salinity

NaCl equivalent

Na

K

Ca

Mg

ratio

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

Dead Sea water

30

324.87

32.177

9.27

27.503

62.23

Diluted Dead Sea water

30

10.83

1.073

0.309

0.917

2.074

Scenario 3: Salt caverns

 

Salinity

NaCl equivalent

NaCl

KCl

CaCl\(_2\),2H\(_2\)O

MgCl\(_2\),6H\(_2\)O

Ratio

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

g L \(^{-1}\)

Salt cavern extraction water

300

300

300

0

0

0

River water

300

1

0.4

0

1.509

0