Table 5 Comparison of SOH prediction performance.
Battery ID | Training range | Model | Evaluation metrics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAE | MSE | \(R^{2}\) | RMSE | MAPE | |||
CS2_35 | 200 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0124 | 0.0011 | 0.9750 | 0.0329 | 2.4682 |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0229 | 0.0011 | 0.9743 | 0.0333 | 3.1102 | ||
TCN | 0.0111 | 0.0018 | 0.9581 | 0.0425 | 2.3806 | ||
400 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0129 | 0.0006 | 0.9868 | 0.0239 | 2.2358 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0124 | 0.0007 | 0.9827 | 0.0273 | 2.4656 | ||
TCN | 0.0271 | 0.0012 | 0.9729 | 0.0342 | 3.7029 | ||
600 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0106 | 0.0003 | 0.9926 | 0.0178 | 1.7622 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0120 | 0.0004 | 0.9899 | 0.0208 | 2.1789 | ||
TCN | 0.0242 | 0.0010 | 0.9769 | 0.0316 | 3.3214 | ||
800 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0054 | 0.0001 | 0.9973 | 0.0107 | 0.9128 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0089 | 0.0003 | 0.9940 | 0.0161 | 1.7012 | ||
TCN | 0.0155 | 0.0008 | 0.9819 | 0.0279 | 2.4160 | ||
CS2_36 | 200 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0142 | 0.0006 | 0.9898 | 0.0262 | 3.6990 |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0350 | 0.0015 | 0.9779 | 0.0385 | 4.6902 | ||
TCN | 0.0425 | 0.0021 | 0.9690 | 0.0455 | 6.0991 | ||
400 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0199 | 0.0005 | 0.9916 | 0.0237 | 3.2740 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0283 | 0.0010 | 0.9849 | 0.0318 | 4.7726 | ||
\({\textrm{TCN}}\) | 0.0416 | 0.0020 | 0.9709 | 0.0442 | 6.0481 | ||
600 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0153 | 0.0003 | 0.9941 | 0.0199 | 2.7109 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0221 | 0.0007 | 0.9899 | 0.0259 | 3.5215 | ||
TCN | 0.0349 | 0.0014 | 0.9786 | 0.0379 | 5.4394 | ||
800 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0100 | 0.0002 | 0.9958 | 0.0167 | 2.1303 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0192 | 0.0005 | 0.9924 | 0.0225 | 2.8885 | ||
\({\textrm{TCN}}\) | 0.0285 | 0.0011 | 0.9845 | 0.0323 | 4.5282 | ||
CS2_37 | 200 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0111 | 0.0006 | 0.9862 | 0.0243 | 2.3264 |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0116 | 0.0009 | 0.9792 | 0.0299 | 2.5251 | ||
TCN | 0.0233 | 0.0014 | 0.9664 | 0.0379 | 4.8994 | ||
400 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0119 | 0.0004 | 0.9892 | 0.0215 | 2.1830 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0133 | 0.0006 | 0.9857 | 0.0249 | 2.4447 | ||
TCN | 0.0200 | 0.0008 | 0.9818 | 0.0280 | 3.3429 | ||
600 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0104 | 0.0003 | 0.9924 | 0.0181 | 1.8947 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0129 | 0.0005 | 0.9896 | 0.0212 | 2.4677 | ||
TCN | 0.0128 | 0.0007 | 0.9829 | 0.0271 | 2.6678 | ||
CS2_38 | 200 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0212 | 0.0006 | 0.9837 | 0.0260 | 3.1114 |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0362 | 0.0057 | 0.8606 | 0.0761 | 7.1129 | ||
\({\textrm{TCN}}\) | 0.0417 | 0.0067 | 0.8389 | 0.0818 | 7.9465 | ||
400 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0135 | 0.0004 | 0.9907 | 0.0196 | 2.1761 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0219 | 0.0009 | 0.9802 | 0.0287 | 3.4360 | ||
\({\textrm{TCN}}\) | 0.0240 | 0.0009 | 0.9782 | 0.0442 | 3.8260 | ||
600 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0105 | 0.0003 | 0.9937 | 0.0162 | 1.5603 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0118 | 0.0005 | 0.9873 | 0.0230 | 2.8160 | ||
\({\textrm{TCN}}\) | 0.0221 | 0.0009 | 0.9799 | 0.0289 | 3.5162 | ||
800 | MHAT-TCN(m) | 0.0062 | 0.0002 | 0.9962 | 0.0125 | 1.0319 | |
MHAT-TCN | 0.0107 | 0.0003 | 0.9928 | 0.0173 | 1.6150 | ||
\({\textrm{TCN}}\) | 0.0195 | 0.0006 | 0.9846 | 0.0253 | 2.9505 | ||