Table 1 Watermark articles of color images with their objectives, approaches used, and processing domain.

From: An improved reversible watermarking scheme using embedding optimization and quaternion moments

Objectives

Approaches

Treatment domain

Suggests a novel approach for color image blind watermarking11

Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), Arnold transformation (AT)

Spatial and transform

Propose a semi blind color image watermarking system12

Quaternion Hadamard transform, Schur decomposition, Zernike moments

Transform

Propose a robust non-blind watermarking method13

DCT-DWT and AT

Transform

Propose a reliable and flexible watermarking system14

RDWT, SVD, AT and artificial bee colony algorithm

Transform

Propose a double-blind watermarking15

DWT and least significant bits

Spatial and transform

Propose a blind watermarking method based on chaotic encryption1

DCT, DWT, AT and chaotic encryption

Transform

Propose a reversible watermarking algorithm that ensures copyright protection of color medical images16

Zernike moment and Haar wavelet transform

Transform

Propose a quaternary watermark of a color image by integrating color watermarks17

Schur decomposition and Affine transform

Transform

Propose an approach to blindly watermarking digital color images using image correction and eigenvalue decomposition18

EVD, HT and Affine transform

Transform