Table 9 Comparative analysis of NC, PSNR and SSIM values.
From: An improved reversible watermarking scheme using embedding optimization and quaternion moments
Methodology | Proposed method | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dimension of watermark | 512 × 512 | ||||||
Dimension of watermark | 32 × 32 | 64 × 64 | 64 × 64 | 32 × 32 | 32 × 32 | 32 × 32 | 128 × 128 |
Watermarking Domaine | SVD | SVD | DWT + SVD | RDWT and SVD | Schur | Tucker + SVD | DWT, QR, SVD, QCM |
Security | Arnold transform | Arnold transform | Chaotic map | Arnold transform | Affine transform | Arnold transformation | Modified 2D-FrMHM + key security of QCM |
Test dataset | General images | General images | General + Medical + Aerial images | General images | General images | General images | Medical images |
Scaling factor | – | – | ABC | ABC | – | – | AOA |
NC | 0.9984 | 0.9989 | 0.9991 | 0.9994 | 0.9996 | 0.9993 | 0.9998 |
PSNR | 54.876 | 57.986 | 59.564 | 60.564 | 62.875 | 64.976 | 70.342 |
SSIM | 0.9984 | 0.9989 | 0.9991 | 0.9994 | 0.9996 | 0.9993 | 0.9997 |
