Table 4 Univariate (cOR) and multivariate (aOR) regression analyses of the outcomes for pregnant women with history of post-bariatric surgery and different weight statuses (obesity, overweight, and normal weight).

From: Maternal and neonatal risks and outcomes after bariatric surgery: a comparative population based study across BMI categories in Qatar

Outcomes

PET

Caesarean Section

PIH

 

(n = 2018)

(n = 129)

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

Post-BS vs normala

1.574 (0.720–3.439)

0.256

  

1.908 (1.486–2.450)

 0.000

1.591 (1.182–2.143)

0.002

1.073 (0.449–2.568)

0.874

  

Obese vs normala

1.984 (1.293–3.044)

0.002

2.233 (1.254–3.976)

0.006

2.241 (1.955–2.569)

 0.000

1.772 (1.490–2.108)

 0.000

1.571 (1.024–2.410)

0.039

1.562 (0.897–2.720)

0.115

Overweight vs normala

1.198 (0.749–1.919)

0.451

  

1.496 (1.301–1.720)

 0.000

1.249 (1.055–1.478)

0.010

0.979 (0.610–1.572)

0.931

  

Post-BS vs overweightb

1.313 (0.607–2.842)

0.489

  

1.276 (0.996–1.633)

0.054

  

1.096 (0.456–2.632)

0.838

  

Obese vs overweightc

1.655 (1.099–2.495)

0.016

1.644 (0.943–2.865)

0.079

1.498 (1.313–1.709)

 0.000

1.407 (1.186–1.670)

 0.000

1.604 (1.038–2.479)

0.033

1.381 (0.790–2.412)

0.257

Post-BS vs obesed

0.793 (0.376–1.674)

0.543

  

0.852 (0.666–1.089)

0.200

  

0.683 (0.291–1.603)

0.381

  

Outcomes

PPH

Induction of labor (induced)

Assisted birth

(n = 323)

(n = 747)

(n = 374)

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

Post-BS vs normala

0.989 (0.593–1.649)

0.966

  

1.147 (0.766–1.719)

0.506

  

0.342 (0.165–0.705)

0.004

0.500 (0.220–1.133)

0.097

Obese vs normala

0.766 (0.576–1.019)

0.067

  

1.838 (1.509–2.240)

  0.000

1.757 (1.326–2.327)

 0.000

0.592 (0.447–0.785)

 < 0.001

0.778 (0.531–1.139)

0.196

Overweight vs normala

0.899 (0.684–1.181)

0.445

  

1.205 (0.985–1.475)

0.069

  

0.794 (0.620–1.016)

0.066

  

Post-BS vs overweightb

1.100 (0.657–1.842)

0.718

  

0.952 (0.635–1.426)

0.81

  

0.430 (0.207–0.895)

0.024

0.455 (0.208–0.994)

0.048

Obese vs overweightc

0.852 (0.635–1.143)

0.285

  

1.525 (1.251–1.860)

 0.000

1.522 (1.143–2.025)

0.004

0.746 (0.554–1.006)

0.055

  

Post-BS vs obesed

1.291 (0.766–2.177)

0.338

  

0.624 (0.417–0.933)

0.022

0.607 (0.341–1.080)

0.089

0.577 (0.274–1.214)

0.147

  

Outcomes

GDM

Stillborn

Low APGAR score at 1 min

(n = 1898)

(n = 43)

(n = 156)

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

Post-BS vs normala

0.829 (0.614–1.119)

0.220

  

3.615 (1.204–10.856)

0.022

4.537 (1.329–15.494)

0.016

0.958 (0.451–2.033)

0.911

  

Obese vs normala

2.307 (2.007–2.651)

 0.000

2.177 (1.883–2.518)

 0.000

1.767 (0.771–4.046)

0.178

  

0.980 (0.664–1.447)

0.920

  

Overweight vs normala

1.681 (1.460–1.937)

 0.000

1.611 (1.395–1.860)

 0.000

1.618 (0.699–3.747)

0.261

  

0.843 (0.564–1.262)

0.407

  

Post-BS vs overweightb

0.493 (0.366–0.663)

 0.000

0.573 (0.417–0.787)

0.001

2.234 (0.799–6.246)

0.125

  

1.136 (0.530–2.437)

0.743

  

Obese vs overweightc

1.372 (1.203–1.565)

 0.000

1.344 (1.175–1.537)

 0.000

1.092 (0.526–2.268)

0.814

  

1.162 (0.771–1.752)

0.473

  

Post-BS vs obesed

0.359 ( 0.267–0.483)

 0.000

0.396 (0.291–0.540)

 0.000

2.046 (0.738–5.670)

0.169

  

0.977 (0.459–2.082)

0.953

  

Outcomes

Low Apagar score at 5 min

NICU admission

Birth weight < 2500 g

(n = 17)

(n = 702)

(n = 506)

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

Post-BS vs normala

8.736 (1.946–39.223)

0.005

3.739 (0.517–27.059)

0.192

1.204 (0.826–1.755)

0.335

  

1.977 (1.395–2.801)

 < 0.001

1.838 (1.230–2.747)

0.003

Obese vs normala

2.119 (0.529–8.487)

0.289

  

1.419 (1.165–1.729)

0.001

1.238 (0.955–1.605)

0.107

0.979 (0.778–1.231)

0.855

  

Overweight vs normala

1.385 (0.310–6.197)

0.670

  

1.131 (0.922–1.388)

0.237

  

0.878 (0.695–1.110)

0.276

  

Post-BS vs overweightb

6.307 (1.569–25.351)

0.009

3.468 (0.763–15.774)

0.108

1.064 (0.731–1.549)

0.746

  

2.251 (1.580–3.208)

 < 0.001

1.631 (1.095–2.428)

0.016

Obese vs overweightc

1.530 (0.431–5.431)

0.510

  

1.255 (1.033–1.523)

0.022

1.090 (0.844–1.408)

0.509

1.115 (0.879–1.414)

0.371

  

Post-BS vs obesed

4.122 (1.157–14.691)

0.029

2.069 (0.296–14.444)

0.463

0.848 (0.585–1.230)

0.385

  

3.063 (1.813–5.177)

 < 0.001

1.773 (1.153–2.728)

0.009

Outcomes

Conception method: ART

Conception method: Ovulation induction

Preterm

(n = 59)

(n = 12)

(n = 566)

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

Post-BS vs normala

0.596 (0.312–1.136)

0.116

  

0.304 (0.091–1.017)

0.053

  

1.570 (1.059–2.327)

0.025

1.662 (1.066–2.590)

0.025

Obese vs normala

0.646 (0.443–0.942)

0.023

0.676 (0.406–1.126)

0.133

0.748 (0.294–1.898)

0.541

  

1.604 (1.285–2.001)

 0.000

1.320 (0.984–1.770)

0.064

Overweight vs normala

0.720 (0.491–1.058)

0.094

  

0.475 (0.203–1.113)

0.087

  

1.285 (1.022–1.616)

0.032

1.282 (0.969–1.696)

0.083

Post-BS vs overweightb

0.827 (0.441–1.553)

0.555

  

0.640 (0.213–1.929)

0.428

  

1.222 (0.829–1.801)

0.312

  

Obese vs overweightc

0.897 (0.632–1.272)

0.541

  

1.573 (0.712–3.476)

0.263

  

1.248 (1.011–1.541)

0.039

1.046 (0.791–1.383)

0.754

Post-BS vs obesed

0.923 (0.493–1.752)

0.801

  

0.407 (0.127–1.306)

0.131

  

0.979 (0.667–1.436)

0.913

  

Outcomes

Gestational age (24–31 weeks)

Gestational age (32–36 weeks)

Term low birth weight (LBW)

(n = 46)

(n = 275)

(N = 204)

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

cOR (95%CI)

p value

aOR (95%CI)

p value

Post-BS vs normala

0.359 (0.170–0.758)

0.007

0.430 (0.166–1.113)

0.082

0.753 (0.478–1.188)

0.223

  

1.795 (1.103–2.920)

0.018

1.435 (0.823–2.500)

0.203

Obese vs normala

0.558 (0.334–0.933)

0.026

0.720 (0.371–1.394)

0.330

0.638 (0.501–0.813)

 0.000

0.802 (0.574–1.121)

0.196

0.586 (0.407–0.844)

0.004

0.528 (0.324–0.860)

0.010

Overweight vs normala

1.031 (0.576–1.845)

0.919

  

0.742 (0.580–0.950)

0.018

0.755 (0.554–1.029)

0.075

0.624 (0.438–0.889)

0.009

0.755 (0.502–1.138)

0.18

Post-BS vs overweightb

0.348 (0.163–0.742)

0.006

0.290 (0.110–0.764)

0.012

1.015 (0.648–1.588)

0.949

  

2.875 (1.715–4.819)

 0.000

1.844 (1.032–3.295)

0.039

Obese vs overweightc

0.542 (0.320–0.918)

0.023

0.672 (0.345–1.308)

0.242

0.860 (0.685–1.080)

0.194

  

0.938 (0.626–1.406)

0.758

  

Post-BS vs obesed

0.642 (0.317–1.301)

0.219

  

1.180 (0.756–1.842)

0.467

  

2.020 (1.421–2.870)

 0.000

2.191 (1.146–4.189)

0.018

  1. aAdjusted for the significant risk factors associated with pregnant women weight status from the univariate analysis: nationality, maternal age, DM, parity and ETHN.
  2. bAdjusted for the significant risk factors associated with pregnant women weight status from the univariate analysis: nationality, maternal age, parity and ETHN.
  3. cAdjusted for the significant risk factors associated with pregnant women weight status from the univariate analysis: nationality, maternal age, DM, parity and ETHN.
  4. dAdjusted for the significant risk factors associated with pregnant women weight status from the univariate analysis: nationality, DM, and parity.
  5. Significant values are in bold. Abbreviations: cOR, crude Odds Ratio; aOR, adjusted Odds Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval; PET, Pre-eclampsia; PIH, Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension; PPH, Postpartum Hemorrhage; GDM, Gestational Diabetes; NICU, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; ART, Assisted Reproductive Technology.
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