Table 1 Some studies related to the mothership concept.

From: Multi-depot routing problem with van-based driverless vehicles

References

Vans:drones/driverless vehicles

Demands

Transportation network

Approach

Object

Vans/trucks delivery goods

Drones/driverless vehicles capacity

Van-van joint distribution

Customers around depots

17

1:M

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min late customer numbers

No

1-customer

No

No

18

1:M

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min cost

No

M-customers

No

No

34

1:M

Static

Static

Branch and price

Min cost

Yes

M-customers

Yes

No

38

1:M

Static

Static

Continuous approximation

Min cost

No

1-customer

No

No

41

1:1

Static

Static

Branch and bound

Min completion time

Yes

1-customer

No

No

42

1:M

Static

Static

Branch and price

Min completion time

Yes

1-customer

No

No

43

1:1

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min completion time

Yes

1-customer

No

Yes

44

1:1

Static

Static

Solver

Min completion time

Yes

1-customer

No

No

45

1:M

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min completion time

Yes

1-customer

No

Yes

46

1:1

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min completion time

No

M-customers

No

Yes

47

1:1

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min completion time

No

1-customer

No

No

48

1:M

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min completion time

No

M-customers

No

Yes

49

1:1

Stochastic

Static

Decomposition algorithm

Min cost

No

M-customers

No

No

50

1:M

Stochastic

Static

Heuristic

Min completion time

No

M-customers

No

No

This paper

1:M

Static

Static

Heuristic

Min cost

No

M-customers

Yes

Yes

  1. M represents several, customers around depots means that the customers are served by the drones/driverless vehicles departing from depots directly.