Table 4 Mean (standard deviation) of ΔF/ΔC by land cover class at province and country level for the land cover classes.

From: Disproportionate contributions of land cover and changes to ecosystem functions in Kazakhstan and Mongolia

Variable

Land cover

Kazakhstan

Mongolia

Aktobe

Akmola

Almaty

Overall

Arkhangai

Tov

Dornod

Overall

ΔET/ΔC

Barren

0.33 (0.44)

0.05 (0.12)

0.17 (0.29)

0.21 (0.36)

0.87 (0.59)

0.35 (0.32)

0.55 (0.39)

0.57 (0.67)

Cropland

−0.17 (0.39)

−0.01 (0.12)

−0.17 (0.29)

−0.12 (0.30)

0.01 (0.06)

−0.04 (0.07)

−0.12 (0.19)

−0.11 (0.23)

Forest

−0.68 (0.37)

−0.8 (0.55)

−0.60 (0.29)

−0.67 (0.39)

−0.30 (0.16)

−0.23 (0.18)

−0.63 (0.58)

−0.38 (0.40)

Grassland

−0.05 (0.20)

−0.01 (0.08)

0.55 (0.69)

0.14 (0.48)

0.05 (0.07)

0.09 (0.42)

0.04 (0.28)

0.05 (0.31)

Water

0.25 (0.40)

0.58 (0.96)

0.32 (0.81)

0.39 (0.80)

0.48 (0.51)

−0.03 (1.18)

−0.37 (0.92)

−0.11 (0.99)

ΔGPP/ΔC

Barren

0.4 (0.43)

0.09 (0.15)

0.27 (0.31)

0.28 (0.37)

0.89 (0.62)

0.69 (0.46)

0.73 (0.50)

Cropland

−0.2 (0.39)

0.06 (0.15)

−0.22 (0.23)

−0.12 (0.31)

0.03 (0.11)

−0.09 (0.06)

−0.19 (0.36)

−0.16 (0.35)

Forest

−0.61 (0.33)

−0.79 (0.54)

−0.47 (0.36)

−0.6 (0.41)

−0.42 (0.08)

−0.42 (0.26)

−0.77 (0.69)

−0.52 (0.41)

Grassland

−0.08 (0.23)

−0.05 (0.08)

0.34 (0.52)

0.05 (0.36)

0.07 (0.23)

0.19 (0.48)

0.062 (0.32)

0.08 (0.34)

Water

0.18 (0.32)

0.66 (1.06)

0.09 (0.48)

0.32 (0.77)

1.58 (1.49)

−0.42 (0.79)

−0.48 (0.89)

0.03 (1.36)

  1. ΔF is the functional changes (i.e., ΔET or Δ GPP), and ΔC is the compositional change. Table is binary color coded with values greater than zero in bold and values less than zero in italics. A positive value indicates higher proportional increase in ecosystem function than the increase in the land cover type in the landscape.