Table 1 Weighted characteristics of the Study Population based on CMI quartiles.

From: Nonlinear relationship between cardiometabolic index and bone mineral density in U.S. adults: the mediating role of percent body fat

Characteristics

Total (n = 5124)

Q1(n = 1281)

Q2(n = 1281)

Q3(n = 1281)

Q4(n = 1281)

P value

Age(years)

39.67 ± 11.72

36.32 ± 11.79

39.20 ± 11.93

40.54 ± 11.58

42.44 ± 10.74

< 0.0001

Gender (%)

     

< 0.0001

Male

53.11

41.55

49.36

52.98

67.69

 

Female

46.89

58.45

50.64

47.02

32.31

 

Race (%)

     

< 0.0001

Mexican American

10.07

6.66

9.25

12.44

11.87

 

Other Hispanic

7.27

6.09

6.88

9.05

7.10

 

Non-Hispanic White

62.20

59.91

63.66

56.96

67.79

 

Non-Hispanic Black

10.97

15.40

12.29

11.03

5.47

 

Other Race

9.49

11.94

7.91

10.52

7.77

 

Education level (%)

     

< 0.0001

Less than high school

14.08

10.38

12.42

14.62

18.65

 

High school

21.67

19.24

21.38

22.33

23.64

 

More than high school

64.25

70.39

66.20

63.04

57.71

 

Marital status (%)

     

< 0.0001

Never married

24.36

31.98

25.24

22.44

18.14

 

Married/Living with partner

62.39

58.18

60.81

63.20

67.10

 

Widowed/divorced/Separated

13.26

9.84

13.95

14.36

14.76

 

PIR (%)

     

0.0075

< 1.3

25.16

24.37

23.86

25.40

26.96

 

1.3–3.5

35.24

32.97

34.05

37.37

36.56

 

≥ 3.5

39.59

42.66

42.09

37.23

36.49

 

BMI(Kg/m²)

     

< 0.0001

< 25

30.73

62.58

32.95

19.51

9.15

 

25–30

32.09

26.26

35.42

35.04

31.58

 

≥ 30

37.18

11.17

31.64

45.45

59.27

 

Smoke at least 100 cigarettes per year (%)

     

< 0.0001

Never

57.50

64.59

62.21

54.42

49.14

 

Now

21.64

17.11

18.95

24.68

25.67

 

Former

20.87

18.31

18.85

20.90

25.19

 

At least 12 drinks per year(%)

     

0.1339

No

9.22

9.58

8.62

8.05

10.55

 

Yes

90.78

90.42

91.38

91.95

89.45

 

Hypertension (%)

     

< 0.0001

No

71.55

84.21

74.95

68.85

58.91

 

Yes

28.45

15.79

25.05

31.15

41.09

 

Diabetes (%)

     

< 0.0001

No

90.33

96.96

94.9

89.36

80.60

 

Yes

9.67

3.04

5.10

10.64

19.40

 

Percent body fat (%)

32.76 ± 8.24

29.81 ± 8.14

33.19 ± 8.41

33.99 ± 8.33

33.95 ± 7.35

< 0.0001

Height (cm)

169.85 ± 9.71

168.68 ± 9.27

169.88 ± 9.64

169.45 ± 10.06

171.29 ± 9.67

< 0.0001

Waist circumference (cm)

98.37 ± 16.75

85.61 ± 11.09

96.12 ± 14.21

101.63 ± 15.21

109.51 ± 16.08

< 0.0001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.37 ± 0.40

1.74 ± 0.38

1.43 ± 0.28

1.28 ± 0.36

1.04 ± 0.19

< 0.0001

TG (mmol/L)

1.37 ± 1.29

0.60 ± 0.18

0.92 ± 0.23

1.57 ± 2.01

2.34 ± 0.90

< 0.0001

WHTR

0.58 ± 0.10

0.51 ± 0.07

0.57 ± 0.08

0.60 ± 0.09

0.64 ± 0.10

< 0.0001

CMI

0.73 ± 1.02

0.18 ± 0.05

0.36 ± 0.06

0.88 ± 1.65

1.47 ± 0.68

< 0.0001

Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2)

1.03 ± 0.15

1.05 ± 0.14

1.04 ± 0.15

1.03 ± 0.15

1.02 ± 0.14

< 0.0001

  1. Mean ± SD for continuous variables: the P value was calculated by the weighted linear regression model. (%) for categorical variables: the P value was calculated by the weighted chi-square test.
  2. PIR, the ratio of income to poverty; BMI, body mass index; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; CMI, cardiometabolic index; WHTR, waist-to-height ratio; BMD, bone mineral density.
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