Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with and without minimal change disease.
From: Machine learning-based diagnostic prediction of minimal change disease: model development study
Variables | non-MCD (n = 166) | MCD (n = 82) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |||
Age (years) | 61.5 [48, 74] | 51.5 [29, 71] | 0.002 |
Male | 84 (50.6) | 52 (63.4) | 0.059 |
Height (cm) | 161.12 (9.25) | 163.17 (11.34) | 0.129 |
Body Weight (kg) | 61.00 [52.25, 68.50] | 64.90 [55.23, 76.75] | 0.003 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 23.45 [20.66, 25.62] | 25.29 [22.30, 27.52] | 0.001 |
Blood tests | |||
White blood cells (/µL) | 6500 [5200,8475] | 6700 [5425, 8475] | 0.592 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.70 [10.00, 13.30] | 14.40 [13.05, 15.67] | < 0.001 |
Total protein (g/dL) | 5.30 [4.70, 6.07] | 4.50 [3.90, 5.00] | < 0.001 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 2.50 [2.10, 3.00] | 1.90 [1.60, 2.40] | < 0.001 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 17.05 [12.95, 28.30] | 16.40 [12.22, 23.48] | 0.317 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.99 [0.71, 1.62] | 0.91 [0.76, 1.17] | 0.24 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 52.50 [32.41, 73.76] | 62.88 [48.37, 82.35] | 0.005 |
Uric acid (mg/dL) | 6.40 [5.20, 7.32] | 6.30 [5.25, 7.70] | 0.502 |
AST (U/L) | 22.00 [17.00, 28.00] | 23.50 [18.25, 32.50] | 0.166 |
ALT (U/L) | 16.00 [12.00, 24.75] | 19.50 [13.25, 33.00] | 0.019 |
ALP (U/L) | 197.00 [147.00, 260.00] | 173.00 [118.75, 226.00] | 0.015 |
LDH (U/L) | 229.00 [200.00, 268.00] | 238.00 [205.75, 273.00] | 0.281 |
CK (U/L) | 90.00 [46.00, 145.00] | 112.00 [70.50, 219.50] | 0.011 |
T-chol (mg/dL) | 246.00 [189.00, 306.25] | 414.00 [302.00, 501.25] | < 0.001 |
LDL-chol (mg/dL) | 143.00 [101.50, 181.00] | 233.00 [184.00, 320.00] | < 0.001 |
HDL-chol (mg/dL) | 54.50 [41.75, 70.00] | 68.00 [56.00, 86.00] | < 0.001 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 101.00 [91.00, 113.00] | 102.00 [91.75, 111.25] | 0.953 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.40 [5.10, 5.90] | 5.25 [4.90, 5.53] | 0.055 |
C-Reactive Protein (mg/dL) | 0.13 [0.03, 0.46] | 0.08 [0.03, 0.20] | 0.056 |
IgG (mg/dL) | 866.50 [588.25, 1288.25] | 534.50 [393.25, 692.25] | < 0.001 |
IgA (mg/dL) | 270.00 [198.00, 356.25] | 226.00 [154.00, 318.00] | 0.018 |
IgM (mg/dL) | 84.00 [58.00, 127.00] | 102.50 [69.00, 128.50] | 0.071 |
C3 (mg/dL) | 103.50 [76.50, 127.25] | 133.00 [120.00, 158.00] | < 0.001 |
C4 (mg/dL) | 27.00 [16.75, 38.00] | 35.50 [30.00, 42.75] | < 0.001 |
ANA (titer) | 0.001 | ||
≤ 40 | 109 (72.7) | 73 (96.1) | |
80 | 6 (4.0) | 3 (3.9) | |
160 | 6 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
320 | 7 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
640 | 9 (6.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
1280 | 6 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
2560 | 6 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
10,240 | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
Urine tests | |||
Urine RBC (/HPF) | < 0.001 | ||
< 1 | 27 (16.3) | 38 (46.3) | |
1 ~ 4 | 44 (26.5) | 30 (36.6) | |
5 ~ 9 | 27 (16.3) | 9 (11.0) | |
10 ~ 19 | 23 (13.9) | 3 (3.7) | |
20–29 | 16 (9.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
30 ~ 49 | 8 (4.8) | 2 (2.4) | |
50 ~ 99 | 5 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
≥ 100 | 16 (9.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
UPCR (g/gCre) | 4.91 [3.15, 8.27] | 6.68 [4.01, 10.99] | 0.062 |
UP/day (g/day) | 3.67 [2.18, 5.60] | 4.78 [1.78, 7.54] | 0.259 |
