Table 8 ANN results under the different noisy events.
Noise (db) | Fault locations | Fault resistance (Ω) | Type of faults | Threshold | DC line protection | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | 2nd | 3rd | Faulty | Healthy | ||||||
25 | 10 km of DC link | 10 | PTP | PTG | NPT | ✓ | X | X | 1 | 0 |
60 | PTP | PTG | NPT | ✓ | X | X | 1 | 0 | ||
135 | PTP | PTG | NPT | ✓ | X | X | 1 | 0 | ||
20 | 30 km of DC link | 260 | PTP | PTG | NPT | X | ✓ | X | 1 | 0 |
285 | PTP | PTG | NPT | X | ✓ | X | 1 | 0 | ||
335 | PTP | PTG | NPT | X | X | ✓ | 1 | 0 | ||
30 | 180 km of DC link | 10 | PTP | PTG | NPT | ✓ | X | X | 1 | 0 |
110 | PTP | PTG | NPT | ✓ | X | X | 1 | 0 | ||
335 | PTP | PTG | NPT | X | X | ✓ | 1 | 0 | ||
Normal operation | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 0 | 1 |
