Table 3 Risk of 30-day, 90-day and 180-day re-hospitalization among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by EuroQoL domain pain or discomfort score at admission with community-acquired pneumonia.

Re-hospitalization	HR (95% CI) Unadjusted (n = 140)	P	HR (95% CI) Adjusted Complete case (n = 81)	P	HR (95% CI) Adjusted Imputed data (n = 140)	P
30-day
EQ pain/discomfort
None	Ref.				Ref.
Some/medium	2.2 (1.3; 4.6)	0.04*	1.9 (0.8; 4.5)	0.13	2.2 (1.1; 4.6)	0.04*
Severe	2.7 (1.3; 5.9)	0.01*	2.5 (1.1; 5.7)	0.04*	2.8 (1.3; 6.2)	0.01*
90-day
EQ Pain/discomfort
None	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Some/medium	1.5 (0.9, 2.5)	0.15	1.4 (0.8; 2.7)	0.26	1.4 (0.9; 2.4)	0.16
Severe	2.0 (1.2; 3.3)	0.01*	1.7 (0.9; 3.3)	0.10	1.9 (1.1; 3.2)	0.02*
180-day
EQ Pain/discomfort
None	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Some/medium	1.3 (0.9; 1.8)	0.23	1.3 (0.9; 2.0)	0.19	1.3 (0.9; 2.1)	0.18
Severe	1.5 (1.0; 2.2)	0.047*	1.3 (0.8; 2.2)	0.22	1.4 (0.9; 1.8)	0.07

The EuroQoL (EQ) domain pain or discomfort was categorized into three groups as no pain or discomfort (a score of 1), some to moderate pain or discomfort (a score of 2–3), and severe pain or discomfort (a score of 4–5). The group with no pain or discomfort was used as reference. Cox regression was fitted for new hospital admission within 30, 90 and 180 days after discharge with mortality as competing event. Estimates shown are hazard ratio (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-value. The first column shows the unadjusted model. The second column shows the adjusted complete case model. The third column shows the adjusted model with imputed variables. The adjusted models include the following variables: age, sex, FEV1 (pulmonary function), CURB-65 (initial severity of CAP), Charlson comorbidity index, and nutritional status (undernourished, well-nourished, overweight, and obese). Values were imputed in FEV1 (n = 18), CURB-65 (n = 16), and nutritional status (n = 32). *Statistically significant (p < 0.05).

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