Table 2 Interventions and hospital outcomes after RRT activation.

From: Characteristics and outcomes of patients screened by the rapid response team and transferred to intensive care unit in South Korea

 

All patients (n = 8228)

GW (n = 4849)

ICU (n = 3379)

P-value

Reason for RRT activation, n, (%)

   

< 0.001

 Respiratory distress

3,127 (38.0)

1,681 (34.7)

1,446 (42.8)

 

 Sepsis and septic shock

879 (10.7)

431 (8.9)

448 (13.3)

 

 Hypovolemic shock

527 (6.4)

237 (4.9)

290 (8.6)

 

 Arrhythmia

478 (5.8)

326 (6.7)

152 (4.5)

 

 Cardiac arrest and Cardiogenic shock

365 (4.4)

93 (1.9)

272 (8.0)

 

 Anaphylactic shock

44 (0.5)

33 (0.7)

11 (0.3)

 

 Others†

2,808 (34.1)

2,048 (42.2)

760 (22.5)

 

 RRT intervention

    

 Arterial line insertion

2,027 (24.6)

159 (3.3)

1,868 (55.3)

< 0.001

 Intubation

1,503 (18.3)

76 (1.6)

1,427 (42.2)

< 0.001

 Vasopressors

1,379 (16.8)

205 (4.2)

1,174 (34.7)

< 0.001

 Central line insertion

792 (9.6)

78 (1.6)

714 (21.1)

< 0.001

 HFNC application

774 (9.4)

361 (7.4)

413 (12.2)

< 0.001

 Renal replacement therapy

486 (5.9)

104 (2.1)

382 (11.3)

< 0.001

 ACLS

375 (4.6)

62 (1.3)

313 (9.3)

< 0.001

 ECMO

49 (0.6)

2 (0.0)

47 (1.4)

< 0.001

Outcomes

    

 Hospital LOS, day [IQR]

24 [13–45]

21 [11–38]

29 [16–55]

< 0.001

 28 day mortality

1689 (20.5)

786 (16.2)

903 (26.7)

< 0.001

 In-hospital mortality

2,136 (26.0)

979 (20.2)

1,157 (34.3)

< 0.001

  1. RRT, rapid response team; ICU, intensive care unit; ACLS, advanced cardiovascular life support; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HFNC, high flow nasal cannula; A-line, arterial line; C-line, Central line; USG, ultrasonography; LOS, length of stay.
  2. †Others: altered mental status, metabolic acidosis, for education/procedure, hypertension, transfer, etc.
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