Table 1 Demographic and medical characteristics. BMI: body mass index; TIA: transient ischemic attack; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SAS: sleep apnea syndrome.

Gender

Female

45 (45.5)

30 (45.5)

15 (45.5)

0 (0)

1.00

Age (years)

71 [64; 75]

69.5 [64; 75]

72 [64; 77]

0.64

BMI (kg/m²)

27.4 [23.5; 33.2]

28.4 [23.9; 32.9]

25.7 [22.6; 33.5]

1 (1)

0.37

Mallampati Class

I

7 (11.5)

2 (5.4)

5 (20.8)

38 (31.7)

0.30

II

15 (24.6)

9 (24.3)

6 (25)

III

25 (41)

17 (45.9)

8 (33.3)

IV

14 (23)

9 (24.3)

5 (20.8)

Neck circumference (cm)

39.5 [36; 42]

39.8 [36.5; 42]

38.5 [35; 41]

20 (20.2)

0.41

Waist circumference (cm)

103.5 [91.8; 115]

105 [93.5; 117]

100.5 [88; 111.5]

23 (23.2)

0.34

Smoking status

Current smoking

8 (8.1)

5 (7.6)

3 (9.1)

0 (0)

0.77

Former smoking

32 (32.3)

20 (30.3)

12 (36.4)

No smoking

59 (59.6)

41 (62.1)

18 (54.5)

Number of packs per year

21.5 [10; 31]

23 [10; 31]

18 [10; 47]

2 (5)

0.82

Alcohol

Yes

18 (18.2)

12 (18.2)

6 (18.2)

0 (0)

1.00

Physical exercise

Yes

40 (41.2)

24 (36.9)

16 (50)

2 (1.7)

0.22

Hypertension

48 (48.5)

33 (50)

15 (45.5)

0.67

Myocardial infarction

3 (3)

3 (4.5)

0 (0)

0.21

Congestive heart failure

4 (4)

4 (6.1)

0 (0)

0.15

Stroke or TIA

25 (25.3)

15 (22.7)

10 (30.3)

0.41

Arrhythmias

15 (15.2)

12 (18.2)

3 (9.1)

0.23

Coronary artery disease

6 (6.1)

5 (7.6)

1 (3)

0.37

COPD

7 (7.1)

5 (7.6)

2 (6.1)

0.78

Asthma

5 (5.1)

4 (6.1)

1 (3)

0.52

SAS

9 (9.1)

6 (9.1)

3 (9.1)

1.00

Diabetes

27 (27.3)

22 (33.3)

5 (15.2)

0.06

Type 1 diabetes

1 (1)

1 (1.5)

0 (0)

0.48

Type 2 diabetes

26 (26.3)

21 (31.8)

5 (15.2)

0.08

Hypercholesterolemia

21 (21.2)

11 (16.7)

10 (30.3)

0.12

Hypertriglyceridemia

4 (4)

2 (3)

2 (6.1)

0.47

Gastrointestinal disease

7 (7.1)

5 (7.6)

2 (6.1)

0.78

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

11 (11.1)

7 (10.6)

4 (12.1)

0.82

Depression

9 (9.1)

7 (10.6)

2 (6.1)

0.46