Table 2 Different NES configurations resembled by the NES force in Eq. (3).

From: New effectual configuration of bistable nonlinear energy sink

Torsional stiffness

NES type parameter

New or Analogous existing NES or TMD

\(k_{\beta } \ne 0\)

\(\alpha > 1\)

Stiffness-based bistable NES in new configuration

\(k_{\beta } \ne 0\)

\(1 > \alpha > 0\)

Stiffness-based stable NES in new configuration

\(k_{\beta } = 0\) or \(k_{\beta } \ne 0\)

\(\alpha = 0\)

Rotary NES45,46

\(k_{\beta } = 0\) or \(k_{\beta } \ne 0\)

\(\alpha < 0\)

Pendulum vibration absorber26,27,28,30