Fig. 1

Cytotoxicity evaluation of SiO2 and CB NPs using the WST-8 assay(n=3). HCECs (A) and HCjECs (B) were treated with different concentrations (0, 50, 100, or 200 μg/ml) for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined using the WST-8 assay. The results were expressed as a percentage relative to untreated control cells. The experimental data represent the means ± standard deviations from three independent experiments, with each experiment performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p<0.001 vs. controls.