Table 6 Accuracy of different models for each experimental group result.

From: Research on temperature prediction model of molten steel of tundish in continuous casting

 

Mechanistic model (FLUENT)

Data model (NN)

Mechanistic +  data model (PINN)

Relative error

1800 K (example)

Relative error

1800 K (example)

Relative error

1800 K (example)

Experiment 1

0.144%

2.593 K

0.154%

2.764 K

0.139%

2.510 K

Experiment 2

0.143%

2.580 K

0.152%

2.744 K

0.142%

2.549 K

Experiment 3

0.079%

1.425 K

0.126%

2.267 K

0.061%

1.101 K

Experiment 4

0.131%

2.366 K

0.160%

2.876 K

0.116%

2.093 K

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