Table 4 Results of the adjusted mixed-effects model for the effect of area-based socioeconomic deprivation (NZDep) on cognitive functioning (ACE-R).
Term | Coefficient | 95%CI | SE | z | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fixed Effects | |||||
NZDep | -0.08 | -0.17; -0.01 | 0.04 | -1.96 | 0.050 |
Time | -0.54 | -1.08; -0.003 | 0.27 | -1.97 | 0.049 |
NZDep x Time* | -0.12 | -0.22; -0.03 | 0.05 | -2.47 | 0.013 |
Age | 0.10 | -0.50; 0.71 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.742 |
Age² | -0.001 | -0.006; 0.003 | 0.002 | -0.58 | 0.563 |
Gender (ref. male) Female | 0.96 | 0.50; 1.41 | 0.23 | 4.16 | < 0.001 |
Education (ref. university degree) | |||||
No qualifications | -3.54 | -4.30; -2.77 | 0.39 | -9.10 | < 0.001 |
Secondary school qualification | -1.62 | -2.25; -0.99 | 0.32 | -5.04 | < 0.001 |
Post-secondary cert or diploma | -1.04 | -1.60; -0.49 | 0.28 | -3.68 | < 0.001 |
Ethnicity (ref. Non-Māori) Māori | -0.29 | -0.80; 0.21 | 0.26 | -1.13 | 0.259 |
Marital status (ref. married / partner) Single / no partner | -0.07 | -0.56; 0.43 | 0.25 | -0.27 | 0.790 |
Employment (ref. employed) Retired Unemployed, other | -0.09 0.27 | -0.72; 0.55 -0.51; 1.06 | 0.32 0.40 | -0.27 0.68 | 0.790 0.495 |
Net annual personal income (per 5 percentile increase) | 0.01 | -0.03; 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.58 | 0.561 |
LIBRA | -0.16 | -0.30; -0.02 | 0.07 | -2.20 | 0.028 |
Social loneliness | -0.03 | -0.15; 0.09 | 0.06 | -0.52 | 0.601 |
Intercept | 95.31 | 76.81;113.82 | 9.4 | 10.10 | < 0.001 |
Random Effects | |||||
Intercept | 1.40 | 1.29; 1.51 | 0.06 | ||
Residuals | 2.44 | 2.31; 2.58 | 0.07 | ||
Model Fit | |||||
Number of obs | 1,482 | ||||
Number of groups | 783 | ||||
AIC | 7,778.22 | ||||
BIC | 7,878.91 | ||||
ICC | 0.25 |
