Table 5 Phytochemical analysis of M. charantia treated with different water types.

From: Morphological and physiological responses of Momordica charantia to heavy metals and nutrient toxicity in contaminated water

Group of phytochemicals

Plant samples

CDW

HHWW

MIWW

LIWW

Flavonoids

+

+

+

+

Phenolics compounds

+

+

+

+

Tannins

+

+

+

+

Saponins

+

+

+

+

  1. Here, (+) stands for presence, and (–) stands for absence of a phytochemical group.
  2. MIWW, Marble Industry Wastewater; HHWW, Household Wastewater; LIWW, Leather Industry Wastewater; CDW, Clean Drinking Water.
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