Table 2 Dynamics of cellular processes in fracture healing.

From: A computational model that integrates unrestricted callus growth, mechanobiology, and angiogenesis can predict bone healing in rodents

Model Parameter

Diffusion Rate (mm2/day)

Proliferation rate (mm2/day) a

Apoptosis rate (mm2/day) a

Fixed differentiation rate (mm2/day) c

MSC

0.6 a

0.6

0.05

N/A

Fibroblasts

0.6b

0.55

0.05

0.20(F5)

Osteoblasts

0.2b

0.30

0.16

0.10(F7)

Chondrocytes

0.2b

0.20

0.10

0.10(F6)

Angiogenesis

0.3 b

N/A

N/A

N/A

  1. a Checa et al.21, Isaksson et al.37.
  2. b assumed in the model.
  3. c Ghiasi et al. 7.
  4. This table details the rates of proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), fibroblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and the process of angiogenesis as simulated in the mode.
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