Table 2 Identified factors for the constructs.
Construct | Code | Factor | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Maintenance and Inspection Programs (MIP) | MIP1 | Regular inspections and maintenance help LMBS detect issues early and save costly repairs and downtime | |
MIP2 | MIP aids the ESL by preserving buildings’ structural integrity and functionality | ||
MIP3 | Strong MIP is essential to LMBS to ensure buildings meet performance and safety standards | ||
MIP4 | Proactive maintenance reduces unexpected failures, lowering lifetime costs and increasing OPV in MIP | ||
MIP5 | MIP practices assist buildings remain efficient and current by permitting timely repairs and adjustments, which supports ESL and OPV aims | ||
MIP6 | Effective MIP optimizes building performance and value throughout their lifespan, improving resource allocation and planning | ||
MIP7 | MIP maintains buildings’ aesthetic and functional attributes, increasing its market value and appeal | ||
MIP8 | MIP’s focus on building management improvement is necessary to achieve LMBS’s long-term goals of improving building performance and safety | ||
Adaptability and Retrofitting (AAR) | AAR1 | AAR helps LMBS’s Extended Service Life (ESL) properties survive longer by enabling new technology and design updates easy | |
AAR2 | AAR allows building retrofitting instead of destruction, reducing construction waste and resource consumption, supporting LMBS’ Optimized Performance and Value (OPV) goal | ||
AAR3 | AAR principles encourage modular and adaptable design components to make buildings more functional and valuable over time | ||
AAR4 | AAR’s adaptability reduces rebuilding frequency and resource use, improving building sustainability | ||
AAR5 | Retrofitting as part of AAR helps LMBS preserve and increase asset value by updating and optimizing buildings | ||
AAR6 | AAR principles foster adaptation in building design, allowing older structures to meet new requirements and legislation, bolstering LMBS’ ESL component | ||
AAR7 | AAR helps buildings adapt to new technologies to meet LMBS’s ever-changing aims | ||
AAR8 | AAR promotes multi-functional building spaces to adapt to shifting uses | ||
Environmental Considerations and Sustainability (ECS) | ECS1 | ECS principles include the use of sustainable materials and energy-efficient designs to lower operating costs and environmental impact during the building’s lifecycle, which increases OPV | |
ECS2 | ECS prioritizes carbon footprint reduction and worldwide environmental requirements to increase building sustainability and performance over time | ||
ECS3 | Sustainable administration and longevity of building structures need community support and regulatory compliance, which ECS incorporation into building designs helps accomplish | ||
ECS4 | ECS actions reduce buildings’ lifetime environmental impact by aligning with global sustainability goals and increasing LMBS framework structures’ long-term ecological compatibility | ||
Resilience and Disaster Preparedness (RDP) | RDPI | By making structures resilient to natural disasters, RDP helps the ESL avoid expensive repairs and rebuilding | |
RDP2 | When building designs integrate resilience and disaster preparedness, LMBS OPV reliability and safety increase. | ||
RDP3 | LMBS aims need buildings to always be operable, and RDP helps by planning for disasters | ||
RDP4 | RDP solutions reduce catastrophe-related economic losses and downtime by ensuring long-term operational efficiency, which is LMBS’s OPV goal | ||
RDP5 | LMBS buildings are more valuable and relevant when RDP is used to establish community trust and long-term habitability, which is essential for social sustainability |
