Table 1 Classification criteria and characteristics of laser weld points.

From: Laser weld spot detection based on YOLO-weld

ID

Weld point type

Classification criteria and characteristics description

0

good

Indicates a well-formed laser weld point.

1

guBao

Refers to the presence of a significant bulge in the laser weld point.

2

xuHan

Represents incomplete welding that has not yet resulted in a break.

3

duanLie

Clearly indicates a fracture.

4

shuangLuoXuan

Occurs when a laser weld point is re-welded twice, causing overlap.

5

hanChuan

Indicates the presence of holes within the laser weld point.

6

wuNengLiang

The area around the laser weld point appears dark and lacks colour information.

7

shaoHanDian

A condition where there is insufficient solder or welding pressure, resulting in blank areas on the board or only faint welding traces.

8

jiaJiao

The presence of noticeable foreign black contaminants on the welded board.

9

shaoJiao

Burnt phenomena occurring during plastic joining due to high temperatures.