Table 3 Accuracy, range, and uncertainty of the measuring instruments.

From: Exploration of flame characteristics of gasoline engine fuelled by gasoline-pentanol blends using combustion endoscopy

Instrument

Measurement

Limitation

Accuracy

Uncertainty

Pressure Transducer

Pressure

200 bar

2%

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.2

DI gas Analyzer

CO

HC

NO

10%

2000 ppm

4000 ppm

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.02%

0–5 ppm

0–15 ppm

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.2

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.2

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.2

Crank Angle Encoder

Crank angle

720o

\(\:\pm\:\)10

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.10

Loading Device

Load

100 kg

\(\:\pm\:\)0.2 kg

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.2

Speed sensor

Speed of Engine

3000 rpm

\(\:\pm\:\)15 rpm

\(\:\pm\:\) 0.2

Weighing Balance

Fuel consumption

15 kg

\(\:\pm\:\)0.001

\(\:\pm\:\)0.002