Table 4 Specification of fuels.

From: Exploration of flame characteristics of gasoline engine fuelled by gasoline-pentanol blends using combustion endoscopy

SI No

Fuel Properties

Pentanol

Gasoline

1-PNL10

1-PNL20

1-PNL30

1

Chemical Formula

C5H11–OH

C4–C1

-

-

-

2

Boiling Point (oC)

137.5

210

-

-

-

3

Octane Number

80

91–100

-

-

-

4

Viscosity at 25o C (mm2)

2.89

0.5–0.6

0.829

1.058

1.287

5

Auto Ignition Temperature (oC)

300

420

-

-

-

6

Density (kg/m3 )

814.8

734

806

789

790

7

Flash Point (oC)

49.1

-36 to -45

-33.79

-24.58

15.37

8

Calorific value (KJ/kg)

39,000

45,000

43,292

42,584

41,876

9

Latent heat (kJ/kg)

308

380–500

-

-

-