Table 1 Anatomical and baseline characteristics of patients with PFO.
Variables | N (%) / M ± SD |
|---|---|
Total | 92 |
Female | 71 (77%) |
Age (years) | 40.5 ± 14.8 |
Clinical symptoms | |
Stroke | 24 (26%) |
Migraine | 41 (45%) |
Migraine and stroke | 27 (29%) |
PFO anatomical features | |
Size of right atrial opening (mm) | 2.6 ± 1.6 |
Size of left atrial opening (mm) | 1.1 ± 1.7 |
Tunnel length (mm) | 8.23 ± 4.0 |
Secondary septal thickness (mm) | 6.3 ± 1.5 |
Comorbid ASA | 2 (2%) |
Eustachian valve | 4 (4%) |
Chiari network | 0 (0%) |
Comorbid small atrial septal defect | 0 (0%) |
Right-to-left shunt at rest | 15 (16%) |
Shunt grade under Valsalva maneuver | |
Extra large | 52 (57%) |
Large | 40 (43%) |
