Fig. 2

Capsulodesis group and reconstruction group model making procedure. A series of steps illustrate the experimental procedures and comparisons between the capsulodesis and reconstruction groups: (A) The dorsoradial ligament was cut from a normal joint to induce instability prior to each procedure. (B) Dorsoradial ligament reconstruction was performed using the abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon. (C) Dorsoradial capsulodesis was performed. (D) graphic schematic showing the dorsoradial ligament reconstruction technique. One distally based slip of the APL tendon was detached, passed through a bone tunnel in the trapezium, and anchored to the dorsum of the metacarpal base using a suture. (E) A graphic schematic illustrating the dorsoradial capsulodesis technique.