Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients across the groups.
From: Deep learning on T2WI to predict the muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a multi-center clinical study
Characteristics | Training set (n = 291) | Validation set (n = 66) | Internal test set (n = 164) | External test set (n = 38) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 66 ± 12 | 67 ± 13 | 67 ± 11 | 69 ± 10 | 0.377 |
Gender, NO. (%) | |||||
Male | 254 (87.3) | 60 (90.9) | 139 (84.8) | 32 (84.2) | 0.605 |
Female | 37 (12.7) | 6 (9.1) | 25 (15.2) | 6 (15.8) | |
Muscle-invasive states | |||||
NMIBC | 203 (69.8) | 47 (71.2) | 111 (67.7) | 31 (81.6) | 0.407 |
MIBC | 88 (30.2) | 19 (28.8) | 53 (32.3) | 7 (18.4) | |
Pathological T staging (%) | |||||
Ta | 125 (42.9) | 28 (42.4) | 70 (42.7) | 21 (55.3) | 0.429 |
T1 | 78 (26.8) | 19 (28.8) | 44 (26.8) | 11 (28.9) | |
T2 | 44 (15.1) | 6 (9.1) | 21 (12.8) | 1 (2.6) | |
T3 | 35 (12.0) | 7 (10.6) | 18 (11.0) | 3 (7.9) | |
T4 | 9 (3.1) | 6 (9.1) | 11 (6.7) | 2 (5.3) | |
Pathological garding (%) | |||||
High | 179 (61.5) | 41 (62.1) | 122 (74.4) | 19 (50.0) | 0.008 |
Low | 112 (38.5) | 25 (37.9) | 42 (25.6) | 19 (50.0) | |
Diameter of lesion (%) | |||||
≥ 3 cm | 88 (69.8) | 21 (68.2) | 107 (65.2) | 26 (68.4) | 0.804 |
< 3 cm | 203 (30.2) | 45 (31.8) | 57 (34.8) | 12 (31.6) | |
No. of lesions (%) | |||||
Single | 210 (72.2) | 46 (69.7) | 113 (68.9) | 31 (81.6) | 0.456 |
Multiple | 81 (27.7) | 20 (30.3) | 51 (31.1) | 7 (18.4) | |
Surgery modalities (%) | |||||
TURBT | 170 (58.4) | 34 (51.5) | 96 (58.5) | 30 (78.9) | 0.05 |
RC | 121 (41.6) | 32 (48.5) | 68 (41.5) | 8 (21.1) | |
