Table 3 The performance of DL model in predicting MIBC at different VI-RADS.
From: Deep learning on T2WI to predict the muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a multi-center clinical study
VI-RADS | Groups | Accuracy % (n/N) | Sensitivity % (n/N) | Specificity % (n/N) | PPV % (n/N) | NPV % (n/N) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VI-RADS 1 (n = 21) | All patients (n = 21) | 100 (21/21) | N/A | 100 (21/21) | N/A | 100 (21/21) |
Validation set (n = 6) | 100 (6/6) | N/A | 100 (6/6) | N/A | 100 (6/6) | |
Internal test set (n = 13) | 100 (13/13) | N/A | 100 (13/13) | N/A | 100 (13/13) | |
External test set (n = 2) | 100 (2/2) | N/A | 100 (2/2) | N/A | 100 (2/2) | |
VI-RADS 2 (n = 123) | All patients (n = 123) | 93.5 (115/123) | 100 (1/1) | 93.4 (114/122) | 11.1 (1/9) | 100 (114/114) |
Validation set (n = 33) | 90.9 (30/33) | N/A | 90.9 (30/33) | N/A | 100 (30/30) | |
Internal test set (n = 67) | 95.5 (64/67) | 100 (1/1) | 95.5 (63/66) | 25.0 (1/4) | 100 (63/63) | |
External test set (n = 23) | 91.3 (21/23) | N/A | 91.3 (21/23) | N/A | 100 (21/21) | |
VI-RADS 3 (n = 60) | All patients (n = 60) | 80.0 (48/60) | 66.7 (14/21) | 87.2 (34/39) | 73.7 (14/19) | 82.9 (34/41) |
Validation set (n = 11) | 81.8 (9/11) | 75.0 (3/4) | 85.7 (6/7) | 75.0 (3/4) | 85.7 (6/7) | |
Internal test set (n = 42) | 83.3 (35/42) | 68.8 (11/16) | 92.3 (24/26) | 84.6 (11/13) | 82.8 (24/29) | |
External test set (n = 7) | 57.1 (4/7) | 0 (0/1) | 66.7 (4/6) | 0 (0/2) | 80.0 (4/5) | |
VI-RADS 4 (n = 31) | All patients (n = 31) | 90.3 (28/31) | 91.7 (22/24) | 85.7 (6/7) | 95.7 (22/23) | 75.0 (6/8) |
Validation set (n = 8) | 100.0 (8/8) | 100.0 (7/7) | 100.0 (1/1) | 100.0 (7/7) | 100.0 (1/1) | |
Internal test set (n = 21) | 90.5 (19/21) | 93.3 (14/15) | 83.3 (5/6) | 93.3 (14/15) | 83.3 (5/6) | |
External test set (n = 2) | 50.0 (1/2) | 50.0 (1/2) | N/A | 100 (1/1) | 0 (0/1) | |
VI-RADS 5 (n = 33) | All patients (n = 33) | 93.9 (31/33) | 93.9 (31/33) | N/A | 100 (31/31) | N/A |
Validation set (n = 8) | 100.0 (8/8) | 100.0 (8/8) | N/A | 100.0 (8/8) | N/A | |
Internal test set (n = 21) | 95.2 (20/21) | 95.2 (20/21) | N/A | 100.0 (20/20) | N/A | |
External test set (n = 4) | 75.0 (3/4) | 75.0 (3/4) | N/A | 100.0 (3/3) | N/A |
