Table 1 Parameters and meanings.

From: Evolutionary game analysis on the regulation of medical devices used in health services delivery

Parameters

Meaning

\(Re0\)

MDs enterprise’s basic sales revenue

\(Ce1\)

MDs enterprise’s cost of supplying high-quality products

\(Ce2\)

MDs enterprise’s cost of supplying low-quality products

\(Ch1\)

Hospital’s cost of conducting strict management on MDs

\(Cg1\)

Government’s cost of performing active regulation on MDs

\(Ch2\)

Hospital’s medical risks from low-quality products supplied by enterprise

\(Cg2\)

Potential patient harm and social impact costs when enterprise supplying low-quality products and hospitals conducting loose management on MDs

\(Pe1\)

Revenue loss of MDs enterprise due to the termination of supply relationship by hospital

\(G\)

Social benefits of government’s active regulation of MDs

\(Rg1\)

Social benefits of high-quality product supply and strict hospital management

\(Pe2\)

Government’s penalties imposed on enterprises supplying low-quality products

\(Ph1\)

Government’s penalties imposed on hospitals conducting loose management

\(S1\)

Government’s reward for whistleblowing of enterprises supplying low-quality products

\(S2\)

Government’s reward for whistleblowing of hospitals conducting loose management

\(a\)

Probability of detecting low-quality products through whistleblowing \((0\le a\le 1\))

\(\text{b}\)

Probability of detecting loose management through whistleblowing (\(0\le b\le 1\))

  1. MDs refers to medical devices.