Table 4 The surface roughness of the substrates before and after etching, and coatings, as well as adhesion strength of coatings.

From: Effect of cobalt ions doping on morphology and electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite coatings for biomedical applications

Parameter

Before etching

After etching

Pure HA

HA/T

5Co/HA/T

10Co/HA/T

20Co/HA/T

Ra [nm]

9.05

21.50

30.96

22.67

19.73

5.62

11.86

Rq [nm]

11.20

25.93

35.22

26.13

24.18

6.94

14.72

Rt [nm]

44.26

109.21

138.19

97.13

91.88

29.68

69.98

Adhesion (before)

–

–

19.2 ± 1.04

25.7 ± 1.01

31.1 ± 1.21

43.2 ± 0.93

40.6 ± 0.71

Adhesion (after)

–

–

10.1 ± 1.23

17.9 ± 0.81

24.7 ± 0.94

39.8 ± 0.88

35.3 ± 0.69

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