Table 1 Maternal demographics, obstetric and laboratory data of two groups.

Age (years) Mean ± SD

30.8 ± 5.0

30.1 ± 6.1

0.609^a

Duration of T1DM (years) Mean ± SD

14.8 ± 9.5

14.1 ± 8.0

0.798^a

Years of onset T1DM (years) Mean ± SD

16.3 ± 9.8

16.1 ± 8.8)

0.908^a

Height (cm) Mean ± SD

166.6 ± 5.7

165.2 ± 4.9

0.610^a

BMI before pregnancy (kg/m²) Mean ± SD

24.7 ± 5.3

23.0 ± 4.3

0.158^a

BMI at the time of CS (kg/m²) Mean ± SD

29.2 ± 5.0

27.6 ± 4.5

0.160^a

Primiparous n (%)

21 (60.0)

20 (57.1)

Multiparous n (%)

14 (40.0)

15 (42.9)

 > 0.9^b

HbA1c in the first trimester (%) Mean ± SD

6.5 ± 1.4

6.2 ± 0.8

0.349^a

HbA1c in the second trimester (%) Mean ± SD

6.5 ± 1.4

6.2 ± 0.8

0.349^a

HbA1c in the third trimester (%) Mean ± SD

6.1 ± 1.1

6.1 ± 0.7

0.958^a

TSH in the first trimester (mIU/L); Median IQR

1.7 (1.1–2.0)

3.2 (2.8–4.2)

 < 0.001^c

fT3 in the first trimester (pmol/L); Median IQR

3.9 (3.6–4.3)

3.6 (3.4–4.1)

0.132^c

fT4 in the first trimester (pmol/L); Median IQR

11.6 (11.0–12.2)

11.7 (11.0–12.8)

0.327^c

BDNF in the first trimester (ng/L); Median IQR

861.8 (571.9–1031.0)

586.1 (459.1–819.5)

0.831^c

BDNF at the time of CS (ng/L); Median IQR

613.8 (403.5–1031.0)

586.1 (459.1–819.5)

0.831^c

Maternal serum glucose at the time of CS (mmol/L) Medina IQR

5.4 (4.3.7.0)

5.2 (3.9–6.0)

0.184^c

Maternal telomere length (T/S) Mean ± SD

2.1 ± 1.3

1.4 ± 0.9

0.015^a