Table 2 Malware detection of MDMIoV-DLXAI model under different epochs.

Class labels	\(\:Acc{u}_{y}\)	\(\:Pre{c}_{n}\)	\(\:Rec{a}_{l}\)	\(\:{F1}_{score}\)	\(\:AU{C}_{score}\)
Epoch − 500
Benign	96.15	98.93	96.15	97.52	97.56
Malware	98.96	96.26	98.96	97.59	97.56
Average	97.56	97.60	97.56	97.56	97.56
Epoch − 1000
Benign	97.22	97.99	97.22	97.60	97.61
Malware	98.00	97.25	98.00	97.62	97.61
Average	97.61	97.62	97.61	97.61	97.61
Epoch − 1500
Benign	96.51	98.95	96.51	97.72	97.75
Malware	98.98	96.60	98.98	97.77	97.75
Average	97.75	97.78	97.75	97.75	97.75
Epoch − 2000
Benign	96.46	99.23	96.46	97.83	97.86
Malware	99.26	96.56	99.26	97.89	97.86
Average	97.86	97.90	97.86	97.86	97.86
Epoch − 2500
Benign	97.42	98.08	97.42	97.75	97.76
Malware	98.10	97.44	98.10	97.77	97.76
Average	97.76	97.76	97.76	97.76	97.76
Epoch − 3000
Benign	96.82	99.02	96.82	97.90	97.93
Malware	99.04	96.89	99.04	97.95	97.93
Average	97.93	97.95	97.93	97.93	97.93

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