Fig. 2 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 2

From: Enhanced P-wave velocity imaging by marine airgun-source seismic surveys with distributed acoustic sensing

Fig. 2

Four examples of CRG records in the T-X domain and τ-p domain. (A), (B), (C), and (D) indicate the profiles at stations No. 5228 (26.0 km), No. 8135 (40.0 km), No. 10,226 (50.0 km) and No. 14,306 (70.2 km), respectively. Fifty-one adjacent DAS stations were collected and displayed, aligned by offset distance in the CRGs in the T-X domain (Top panels). A bandpass filter from 8 Hz to 15 Hz was applied to each trace in the CRG records. Each trace was normalized by its amplitude, and all travel times were reduced by 3.5 km/s. Within a distance of 5 km, the refracted P-wave can be identified following the arrival of the direct water wave. At distances between 5 km and 15 km, the refracted P-wave is clearly seen as the first arrival. Transformation of CRG data from the T-X domain to the τ-p domain was performed separately for westward and eastward shooting from the receiver. Panels of the left and right bottom in each figure display the τ-p domain for westward and eastward shooting, respectively. Black arrows indicate the trajectories of refracted waves in the τ-p domain.

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