Fig. 5

Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over time for recurrence and no recurrence groups. In the recurrence group, BCVA was 0.41 ± 0.29 preoperatively (pre), 0.38 ± 0.28 at 1 month (1 M), 0.32 ± 0.24 at 3 months (3 M), 0.33 ± 0.26 at 6 months (6 M), 0.33 ± 0.23 at 1 year (1Y), 0.33 ± 0.26 at 2 years (2Y), and 0.32 ± 0.29 at 3 years (3Y) postoperatively, with no significant changes (Kruskal–Wallis test, P = 0.78). In the no recurrence group, BCVA improved significantly from 0.38 ± 0.27 preoperatively to 0.35 ± 0.24 at 1 M, 0.28 ± 0.19 at 3 M, 0.26 ± 0.21 at 6 M, 0.28 ± 0.19 at 1Y, 0.26 ± 0.22 at 2Y, and 0.24 ± 0.24 at 3Y postoperatively (Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.001; Dunn’s test, **P < 0.01).