Fig. 5

Principal component analysis showing relationship among structural and functional traits in Sporobolus ioclados from the Cholistan Desert grown hydroponically under different levels of salt. (a) Relationship between growth, leaf anatomy, ionic content and excretory ions, (b) Relationship between growth, leaf sheath anatomy, ionic content and excretory ions. Ecotypes: DF-Derawar Fort (LSE), BD-Bailahwala Dahar (MSE), LS-Ladam Sir (HSE); Morphological characteristics: MLN − Number of leaves (plant⁻¹). MLA − Total leaf area (cm²), MRF − Root fresh weight (g plant⁻¹), MSF − Stem fresh weight (g plant⁻¹), MLF − Leaf fresh weight (g plant⁻¹), MRD − Root dry weight (g plant⁻¹), MSD − Stem dry weight (g plant⁻¹), MLD − Leaf dry weight (g plant⁻¹). Leaf blade anatomy: LTh − Leaf thickness (µm), LST − Sclerenchymatous thickness (µm), LDE − Adaxial epidermal cell area (µm²), LBE − Abaxial epidermal cell area (µm²), LBC − Bulliform cell area (µm²), LVB − Vascular bundle area (µm²), LMX − Metaxylem area (µm²), LPA − Phloem area (µm²). Epidermal appendages: LDM − Adaxial microhair density, LBM − Abaxial microhair density, LTD − Trichome density, LTL − Trichome length (µm), LDS − Adaxial stomatal density, LBS − Abaxial stomatal density, LDA − Adaxial stomatal area (µm²), LBA − Abaxial stomatal area (µm²). Leaf sheath anatomy: HTh − Leaf sheath thickness (µm), HDE − Adaxial epidermal cell area (µm²), HBE − Abaxial epidermal cell area (µm²), HCC − Parenchymatous cell area (µm²), HST − Sclerenchyma thickness (µm), HVB − Vascular bundle area (µm²), HMX − Metaxylem area (µm²), HPA − Phloem area (µm²).