Table 6 Effects of treatment on distribution of organic and inorganic P fractions (mg kg−1) (mean ± (Sd)) in soil after plant harvesting.

From: Using zeolite, molasses, and PGP microorganisms to improve apatite solubility and increase phosphorus uptake by Sorghum bicolor L. (Speedfed cultivar)

P forms

Treatment

Non-inoculated

S. indica

E. cloacae

Brevundimonas

C. etunicatum

Ca2-P

Control

2.25 ± (0.19)i

3.2 ± (0.39)i

3.36 ± (0.55)i

2.67 ± (0.38)i

3.81 ± (0.16)i

Ap

16.76 ± (1.85)h

29.33 ± (2.39)e

28.40 ± (1.42)ef

19.99 ± (1.99)g

25.02 ± (1.96)f

Ap-Z

34.18 ± (1.58)d

40.47 ± (1.75)ab

42.18 ± (1.91)a

36.2 ± (1.92)cd

40.52 ± (2.02)ab

Ap-M

33.28 ± (2.28)d

38.80 ± (1.03)bc

35.5 ± (2.00)cd

35.35 ± (2.03)cd

34.57 ± (1.69)d

Ca8-P

Control

3.17 ± (0.31)e

3.01 ± (0.24)e

2.41 ± (0.48)e

2.93 ± (0.11)e

2.65 ± (0.19)e

Ap

74.68 ± (3.66)ab

75.28 ± (4.12)ab

76.95 ± (2.63)a

75.38 ± (3.14)ab

74.68 ± (2.87)ab

Ap-Z

70.14 ± (4.25)bcd

74.92 ± (3.27)ab

76.68 ± (2.53)a

75.33 ± (2.04)ab

71.93 ± (3.13)abc

Ap-M

70.57 ± (4.38)bcd

65.33 ± (4.16)d

68.33 ± (3.21)cd

66.55 ± (3.51)cd

70 ± (4.35)bcd

Ca10-P

Control

3.23 ± (0.2)e

2.44 ± (0.30)e

2.21 ± (0.17)e

3.22 ± (0.20)e

2.23 ± (0.21)e

Ap

97.81 ± (6.96)a

84.81 ± (4.48)b

75.67 ± (3.21)c

95.86 ± (4.21)a

84.82 ± (4.26)b

Ap-Z

75.85 ± (2.20)c

65.17 ± (3.55)d

66.13 ± (3.43)d

66.50 ± (3.96)d

65.13 ± (3.40)d

Ap-M

70.30 ± (3.45)cd

66.36 ± (2.82)d

65.23 ± (3.47)d

69.48 ± (2.16)d

68.23 ± (2.95)d

Olsen-P

Control

3.59 ± (0.44)h

4.10 ± (0.17)h

5.27 ± (0.24)h

4.32 ± (0.56)h

4.25 ± (0.22)h

Ap

15.31 ± (1.14)g

19.34 ± (2.73)ef

21.47 ± (2.03)cde

17.52 ± (1.50)fg

22.31 ± (2.14)bcd

Ap-Z

19.29 ± (1.13)ef

24.94 ± (1.37)ab

26.17 ± (1.06)a

20.23 ± (1.47)def

25.62 ± (1.13)a

Ap-M

18.64 ± (2.48)ef

20.45 ± (1.15)def

24.09 ± (2.54)abc

18.34 ± (2.04)f

22.32 ± (1.92)bcd

Labile Po

Control

3.33 ± (0.38)f

4.55 ± (0.02)ef

5.25 ± (0.49)def

4.50 ± (1.34)ef

4.5 ± (0.69)ef

Ap

5.21 ± (1.02)def

5.87 ± (0.79)cde

6.51 ± (1.31)abcde

5.75 ± (0.83)cde

6.5 ± (1.05)abcde

Ap-Z

5.67 ± (0.92)cde

5.62 ± (1.25)cde

6.55 ± (1.20)abcde

5.96 ± (1.11)bcde

5.90 ± (1.10)cde

Ap-M

7.72 ± (1.90)abc

7.67 ± (1.54)abc

8.43 ± (2.01)a

7.05 ± (2.02)abcd

8.16 ± (2.02)ab

Moderately labile Po

Control

4.60 ± (1.06)i

5.79 ± (1.35)hi

7.69 ± (1.14) efghi

5.37 ± (1.10)hi

7.48 ± (2.22) efghi

Ap

6.31 ± (1.98) fghi

8.11 ± (1.07)efgh

11.36 ± (1.14)d

6.15 ± (1.43)ghi

9.66 ± (1.93)de

Ap-Z

7.22 ± (0.82) efghi

9.07 ± (1.13)defg

12.15 ± (1.23)d

9.51 ± (1.47)def

9.43 ± (1.44)def

Ap-M

20.75 ± (3.04)c

21.06 ± (2.03)bc

24.53 ± (2.26)a

23.90 ± (2.65)ab

23.37 ± (1.33)abc

Moderately non-labile Po

Control

3.17 ± (0.17)d

4.86 ± (1.30) bcd

5.58 ± (1.92) bcd

3.39 ± (1.46) bcd

5.18 ± (1.87)cd

Ap

5.86 ± (1.28)bcd

5.16 ± (0.90) bcd

7.75 ± (1.60)b

4.52 ± (0.70) bcd

5.29 ± (1.45) bcd

Ap-Z

4.61 ± (1.45) bcd

5.96 ± (1.42) bcd

6.82 ± (1.03)bc

5.58 ± (0.50) bcd

5.76 ± (0.66) bcd

Ap-M

18.62 ± (3.49)a

18.14 ± (2.49)a

19.34 ± (2.26)a

18.69 ± (2.69)a

18.76 ± (1.99)a

Non-labile H Po

Control

1.18 ± (0.06)d

3.03 ± (1.27)abcd

3.72 ± (0.78)abc

1.39 ± (0.76)cd

2.35 ± (1.03)bcd

Ap

2.24 ± (0.27)bcd

3.57 ± (1.91)abcd

4.98 ± (0.96)a

3.07 ± (1.94)abcd

4.29 ± (1.64)ab

Ap-Z

3.54 ± (1.67)abcd

4.46 ± (1.07)ab

5.53 ± (1.31)a

3.20 ± (1.45)abcd

4.39 ± (0.55)ab

Ap-M

3.59 ± (1.19)abcd

3.89 ± (1.40)ab

4.70 ± (1.66)ab

3.35 ± (0.50)abcd

4.87 ± (1.52)a

Non-labile R Po

Control

5.05 ± (0.96)b

4.85 ± (1.00)b

5.77 ± (0.73)b

5.50 ± (0.89)b

5.22 ± (0.35)b

Ap

10.60 ± (1.55)a

10.78 ± (1.45)a

13.38 ± (3.50)a

11.47 ± (1.52)a

12.39 ± (3.06)a

Ap-Z

11.89 ± (2.79)a

12.40 ± (3.25)a

13.35 ± (2.93)a

13.35 ± (2.77)a

12.83 ± (1.69)a

Ap-M

11.48 ± (2.06)a

11.65 ± (2.19)a

14.28 ± (3.31)a

11.24 ± (2.72)a

11.35 ± (3.43)a

  1. The same letter in each P fraction indicates non-significant differences at P < 0.05. Ap, Ap (0.15%); Ap_Z, Ap (0.15%) + zeolite (0.3%); and Ap-M, Ap (0.15%) + molasses (0.1%); labile Po, NaHCO3 extracted organic P; moderately labile Po, HCl and NaOH extracted organic P; moderately non-labile Po, fulvic acid organic P; non-labial H Po, Humic acid organic P; non-labial R Po, residual organic P.