Fig. 2

Volcano plot and ANOVA reveal differential protein expression and inter-patient heterogeneity in cholangiocarcinoma. (A) Volcano plot showing differential protein expression between CCA tumor and adjacent tissues. Upregulated proteins are highlighted in red, downregulated proteins in blue. (B) ANOVA analysis demonstrating inter-patient heterogeneity in protein expression across tumor regions. The color gradient (yellow to red) indicates increasing statistical significance, with dot size reflecting p-value magnitude.